Baronic acid

The Frasca method for obtaining 1-arylindazoles also involves a C(3)—C(3a) ring closure (67CJC697). It consists in the cyclization of p-nitrophenylhydrazones of ketones and aldehydes with polyphosphoric acid. The Barone computer-assisted synthetic design program has found several new methods for preparing indazoles (79MI40409). The selected method involves the transformation of jV, jV -diphenylhydrazides (596) into 1-phenylindazoles (597) by means of trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride. The yields vary from 2% (R = H) to 50% (R = Ph). 

Santoro F, Barone V, Gustavsson T, Improta R (2006) Solvent effect on the singlet excited-state lifetimes of nucleic acid bases a computational study of 5-fluorouracil and uracil in acetonitrile and water. J Am Chem Soc 128 16312-16322... 

Barone, V., F. Fratemali, and P. L. Cristinziano. 1990. Sensitivity of Peptide Conformation to Methods and Geometrical Parameters. A Comparative Ab Initio and Molecular Mechanics Study of Oligomers of a-Aminoisobutyric Acid. Macromolecules 23, 2038-2044. 

M. Adinolfi, G. Barone, A. Iadonisi, and M. Schiattarella, Activation of glycoyl trihaloacetimidates with acid-washed molecular sieves in the glycosidation reaction, Org Lett., 5 (2003) 987-989. 

Barone, G., Crescenzi, V., Pispisa, B., Quadrifoglio, B. (1966) Hydrophobic interactions in polyelectrolytes solutions. II. Solubility of some C3-C6 alkanes in poly(methacrylie acid) aqueous solutions. J. Macromol. Chem. 1, 761-771. 

Barone, G., Crescenzi, V., Liqnori, A.M., and Qnadrifoglio, F. Solnbilization of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in poly(methacrylic acid) aqneons solutions. J. Phys. Chem., 71(7) 2341-2345, 1967. 

Czernik, P.J., Little, J.M., Barone, G.W., Raufman, J.P., and Radominska-Pandya, A. (2000) Glucuronidation of estrogens and retinoic acid and expression of UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B7 in human intestinal mucosa. Drug Metab Dispos 28 1210— 1216. 

His most brilliant discoveries were made at the Lokk pharmacy. His notebooks, which have since been edited and published by Baron Nordenskiold, show that he prepared oxygen in 1771 and 1772, that is to say, at least two years before Priestley did. Scheele made it by heating silver carbonate, mercuric carbonate, mercuric oxide, niter, and magnesium nitrate, and by distilling a mixture of manganese dioxide and arsenic acid. When oxygen is prepared by heating silver or mercuric carbonate, the carbon dioxide must be absorbed m caustic alkali. 

Crookesite. In 1866 Baron Nils Adolf Erik Nordenskiold found among the collections at the Royal Museum in Sweden a rare mineral from Skrikerum, which C. G. Mosander had regarded as a copper selenide. When Baron Nordenskiold analyzed it, he found it to be a selenide of copper, silver, and thallium. Because it was the first mineral of which the recently discovered element thallium was shown to be an essential constituent, he named it crookesite in honor of Sir William Crookes, the discoverer of thallium (31). Although crookesite is very rare, selenium and thallium are often found associated in nature, and both of these elements, so different in chemical properties, were originally discovered in the same source, namely the slime in the lead chambers of sulfuric acid plants using seleniferous and thalliferous pyrite. 

Baron de Puymaurin also tested the action of hydrofluoric acid on various kinds of stones placed in tin receptacles. Stephen Weston men-... 

Ball, J. C and T. J. Wallington, Formation of Trifluoroacetic Acid from the Atmospheric Degradation of Flydrofluorocarbon 134a A Human Health Concern Air Waste, 43, 1260-1262 (1993). Barone, S. B A. A. Turnipseed, and A. R. Ravishankara, Kinetics of the Reactions of the CFsO Radical with Alkanes, J. Phys. Chem., 98, 4602-4608 (1994). 

MF was first prepd in ihe 17th century by Swedish-German alchemist Baron Johann Kunkel von Lowenstern living from 1630 to 1703 (Hackh s Diet gives 1638 as date of birth). He obtd this dangerous expl by treating mercury with nitric acid and alcohol. The method was described in the book of Kunkel published in 1716 after his death. This book is listed and the prepn is briefly described by... 

The effect of aromatic amines, however, has been the subject of much controversy. Thus, according to Qrollier-Baron and Wessels [14] the addition of 10% aniline to petrol has no obvious influence on the length of the induction period. E.g. if nitric acid containing 4% potassium dichromate is used with petrol containing 10% aniline at 620°C, and a rate of injection is 10.3 m/sec, the induction period is 3.3 millisec at a rate of injection of 5.3 m/sec it is 24 millisec. 

Mercury fulminate was first prepared in the 17th century by the Swedish-German alchemist, Baron Johann Kunkel von Lowenstern. He obtained this dangerous explosive by treating mercury with nitric acid and alcohol. At that time, Kunkel and other alchemists could not find a use for the explosive and the compound became forgotten until Edward Howard of England rediscovered it between 1799 and 1800. Howard examined the properties of mercury fulminate and proposed its use as a percussion initiator for blackpowder and in 1807 a Scottish Clergyman, Alexander Forsyth patented the device. 

Derivatization of kynurenic acid leads to far more potent and selective antagonists such as 7-chloro-kynurenic acid or 5,7-dichlorokynurenic acid (Kemp et al., 1988 Baron et al., 1990) which have been shown to inhibit glycine-induced tailflick facilitation (i.e attenuation of glycine-induced hyperalgesia) or the late phase of formalin-induced nociception when given intrathecally (Kolhekar et al., 1994, Chapman et al., 1995). Nevertheless kynurenic acid derivatives are still hampered by a poor blood - brain barrier penetration and hence a low CNS availability. 

Salituro, F. G., Harrison, B. L., Baron, B. M., Nyce, P. L., Stewart, K. T., Kehne, J. H., White, H. S., McDonald, I. A. 3-(2-Carboxyindol-3-yl)propionic acid-based antagonists of the N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor associated glycine binding site, J. Med. Chem. 1992, 35, 1791-1799. 

Baron, C.P., Skibsted, L.H., and Andersen, H.J. 1997. Prooxidative activity of myoglobin species in linolenic acid emulsions. J. Agric. Food Chem. 45 1704-1710. 

Nomura, K., Ozawa, M., Tanaka, Y., Baron, R, Madic, C. 1998. Study on Am/Eu extraction and separation with acid extractant and TPTZ. NUCEF 98 Symposium Working Group, November, Hitachinaka, Ibaraki, Japan. 

Modolo, G., Odoj, R., Baron, P. 1999. The ALINA-process for An(III)/Ln(III) group separation from strong acidic medium. Global 1999 Nuclear Technology - Bridging the Millennia, August-September, Jackson Hole, WY. 

FIGURE 6.3 DIAMEX-SANEX flowsheet with organophosphorus acid regeneration in extraction cycle. (From Heres, X., Ameil, E., Martinez, I., Baron, P., Hill, C., Extractant separation in Diamex Sanex Process. Presentation on Global 07 conference. With permission.)... 

Cordier, P.Y., Hill, C Baron, P Madic, C Hudson, M.J., Liljenzin, J.O. 1998. Am(III)/Eu(III) separation at low pH using synergistic mixtures composed of carboxylic acids and neutral nitrogen polydendate ligands. J. Alloys Comp. 271-273 738-741. 

Union Chimique Beige was founded in 1928 by, among others, Baron Emmanuel Janssen, who was married to a granddaughter of Ernest Solvay, the founder of Sol-vay, the other Belgian hybrid chemical/pharmaceutical company. At that time, Union Chimique Beige was producing several heavy chemical intermediates such as ammonia, sulfuric acid, sodium sulfide, and coal derivatives. 

Schuurmann, G., Cossi, M., Barone, V., and Tomasi, J., Prediction of the pKa of carboxylic acids using the ab initio continuum-solvation model PCM-UAHF, J. Phys. Chem. A, 102, 6706-6712, 1998. 

Eranklund, C. E., Baron, S. E., and Hylemon, P. B., 1993, Characterisation of the bai H gene encoding a bile acid-inducible NADH flavin oxidoreductase from Eubacterium sp. VPI 12708, J. Bacterial. 175 300293012. 

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