BAM apparatus

Impact sensitivity 126-159cm for recrystallized FOX-7 compared with 38cm for RDX [BAM Apparatus, Drop weight 2kg). 

Applying the drop weight with the highest mass available for the BAM apparatus from a height of fall of 0,4 m gives the same impact energy as exerted by the Fa. Ktlh-ner apparatus. 

Fig, 3.82 BAM apparatus according to the Hungarian Standard MSZ 1600/8-77 1 explosion room 2 heating jacket 3 igniting panel 4 flap 5 thermocouple 6 inlet pipe end 7 heating jacket. Dimensions in mm... 

Test results obtained by the BAM apparatus are collected in Table 3.14. 

Table 9.1 Impact (drop-hammer machine, 2.5 kg hammer, 50 % probability) and friction sensitivity (BAM apparatus, 1 event in 10 trials) of powdered CP [6]...

Determination of friction sensitivity is applicable to solids, pastes, and gel-type substances. To determine the friction sensitivity, a thin sample is placed under a load between two roughened surfaces, and the surfaces are then rubbed together in a controlled manner. The load can be varied. Results from this action, such as smoke, cracking, or discoloration, are observed. Examples of apparatus of this type are the BAM friction apparatus, shown in Figure 2.30, the rotary friction test, and the ABL friction test. 

FIGURE 2.30. The BAM Friction Apparatus Horizontal and Vertical Cross-Sections... 

Examples of equipment for mechanical shock or impact testing are the BAM Fallhammer, the Rotter test, the thirty kilogram Fallhammer test, and the Bureau of Mines Impact Apparatus [45]. The latter is shown in Figure 2.31. 

Frichon sensihvity is evaluated using a BAM frichon apparatus according to the Japanese safety test standard JIS K 4810. The frichon energy imparted to the mixtures is determined as the product of the applied mass and the moving distance of... 

BAM friction apparatus or Julius Peters friction apparatus The BAM method is an improved method and is reported to yield reproducible results. This apparatus is used extensively in Europe [67]. It consists of a rough porcelain plate which is rigidly attached to the sliding carriage of the friction apparatus. 

ARRANGEMENT OF THE DIE DEVICE UNDER THE LARGE BAM DROP WEIGHT APPARATUS... 

The same apparatus as the BAM ignitability test cerium/iron spark (see the previous book n p.204). A cerium/iron spark gas lighter is available in Japan as an acetylene-ignition lighter (Trade mark ROCK). Take about 5mg of sample with a special 5 // fl. spatula. 

Germany BAM Bundesanstalt fur Materia Iforschung und Prufung mbH D-12205 Berlin Groups I, II categories Ml, 1 non-electrical apparatus, safety systems, gas detectors, flame arrestors Groups I, II categories M2,2 and 3 nonelectrical apparatus, safety systems, gas detectors B, D, F, G A, B, C, E, G... 

The apparatus was built according to the directions of the Bundesanstalt fur Material-priitung (BAM). 

Ignition temperature of dust/air mixtures (dust suspensions, dust clouds) are measured in a BAM (Bundesanstalt fiir Materialpriifung, Dahlem-Berlin) apparatus (FRG) which is a horizontal cylindrical metal vessel of 70 mm dia., 100 mm in length, 2 mm wall thickness, with an explosion volume of 440 cm equipped with a funnel-shaped fitting at the inlet tube. Opposite to the inlet end, a 12 cm stainless steel mirror is located as the ignition source of the dust cloud (Fig. 3.82). 

For the impact sensitivity determination, several types of impact testing apparatus, known also as Fallhammer Apparatus, are used US Bureau of Explosive Impact paratus (BoE), US Bureau of Mines Impact Apparatus (BoM), Picatirmy Impact. >paratus (PA), German Bundesanstdt fur Materialpriifung. paratus (BAM), and others (Baum et al., 1959, 1975 Impact Sensitivity Test, 1962 Kamlet and Adolph, 1979 Koenen et al., 1961 Kohler and Meyer, 1993 McIntyre, 1980 Safety and Performance Tests, 1972 Sensibilite auchoc, 1987 Wollert-Johansen, 1978). 

The BAM Impact Apparatus, which seems to give reasonably reproducible results, is described below. 

Figure 2.7. BAM impact sensitivity apparatus (JULIUS PETERS KG, Berlin, Germany)...

The testing procedure using the BAM Friction Apparatus is described below. 

The BAM Friction Sensitivity Apparatus is shown in Figure 2.11. The operation mode of the apparatus is as follows. Friction is created electromechanically between the cylindrical porcelain pistil and the plate bearing the sample. The pistil and the plate are of definite roughness. The size and the shape of the plate and the pistil are shown in Figure 2.12. 

Table 2.7. The dependence of the normal force between the porcelain plate and the pistil upon the mass of the weight and its position on the loading atm in the BAM Friction Apparatus...

There are two versions of the friction test apparatus in operation, a standard size apparatus and a small size version. The small device is particularly designed to test sensitive materials such as primary explosives. It can be operated with different weights on the porcelain bolt holder allowing loads in the range of 0.1 to 10 N. On the standard BAM friction test apparatus higher forces on the pin varying from 5 to 360 N can be applied. 

Figure 13 BAM friction test apparatus (left) and scheme of the measuring principle (right)...

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