Balanced reaction formulae

The balanced reaction formulae and calculated oxygen balances for some explosive substances are presented in Tables 5.1 and 5.2, respectively. 

Table 5.1 Balanced reaction formulae for some explosives...

Explosive substance Balanced reaction formulae for complete combustion... 

TABLE 12.9 Balanced Reaction Formulae for Some Explosives... 

Tables 12.9 and 12.10 include balanced reaction formulae and oxygen balance for some explosives.

SCHEME 7.9 A catalytic breakthrough. Balanced reaction formulae show that, at least in theory and partly based on redox potentials of the species involved, the application of Ij in catalytic amounts is possible as the iodide generated will be oxidized back to iodine. 

An extension of isomerism from molecules to ensembles of molecules (EM) leads to new perspectives in chemistry. The left and right hand sides of a stoichiometrically balanced reaction equation are isomeric EM. Any chemical reaction may be regarded as an isomerization, i.e. the conversion of an EM into an isomeric EM. Let A = A1(... A be a finite collection of atoms with the empirical formula A. Any EM that contains each atom of A exactly once is an EM (A). The family of all isomeric EM (A), the FIEM(A) contains the complete chemistry ofA = At,... A . The FIEM(A) is closed and finite. It has well-defined limitations and invariancies. Accordingly, the logical structure of the chemistry of an FIEM(A) is much easier to elucidate than the logical structure of chemistry without the above restrictions [9],... 

The balance of the reaction formula for the combustion of TNT gave a negative sign for oxygen. This therefore indicates that TNT has insufficient oxygen in its molecule to oxidize its reactants full to form water and carbon dioxide. This amount of oxygen as percent by weight can now be calculated as shown in Eq. 12.21 [4]. 

Exercises 69 and 70 describe precipitation reactions in aqueous solutions. For each, write balanced (i) formula unit, (ii) total ionic, and (hi) net ionic equations. Refer to the solubility guidelines as necessary. 

For Exercises 58-60, write balanced (1) formula unit, (2) total ionic, and (3) net ionic equations for reactions between the acid-base pairs. Name all compounds except water. Assume complete neutralization. 

You are investigating the properties of two new metallic elements found on Pluto, Bz and Yz. Bz reacts with aqueous HCl. However, the formula for the compound it forms with chlorine is YZCI2. Write the balanced reaction that should occur if a galvanic cell is set up with Bz and Yz electrodes in solutions containing the metallic ions. 

Sample Problem A Write word and formula equations for the chemical reaction that occurs when solid sodium oxide is added to water at room temperature and forms sodium hydroxide (dissolved in the water). Include symbols for physical states in the formula equation. Then balance the formula equation to give a balanced chemical equation. 

Five tasks must be performed in this problem (1) Represent the reaction by a chemical equation in which the names of reactants and products are replaced with formulas. (2) Balance the formula equation by inspection. (3) Determine the limiting reactant. (4) Calculate the theoretical yield of sodium nitrite based on the quantity of limiting reactant. (5) Use... 

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