Background rejection

Wang, S., Morris, M.D., Plastic microchip electrophoresis with analyte velocity modulation. Application to fluorescence background rejection. Anal. Chem. 2000, 72, 1448-1452. 

Figure 4. Time-averaged spectrum of N, on exit plane of combustor recorded with collinear beams and without background rejection 10 laser shots are averaged at...

Wieder I. Background rejection in fluorescent immunoassay. In Knapp W, Holubar K, Wick G, eds. Proceedings of the Vlth International Conference on Immunofluorescence. Amsterdam Elsevier/North- Holland, 1978 67-80. 

Examples of fluorophores that are used as labels in fluo-roimmunoassay and their properties are listed in Table 9-3. Initially, background fluorescence from drugs, drug metabolites, and protein-bound substances, such as bilirubm, limited the utility of this technique. However, this problem has largely been overcome by the use of rare earth (lanthanide) chelates and background rejection (time-resolved)... 

Cooney TF, Schoen CL, Sharma K, Carey DM (1993) Rare-earth-doped glass fiber for background rejection in remote fiber-optic Raman probes theory and analysis of holmium-bearing glass. Appl Spectrosc 47 1683-1692... 

I Wieder. Background rejection in fluorescence immunoassay. In Proc 6th Int Conf Immunofluorescence and Related Staining Techniques. Vienna Elsevier, 1978,... 

Hard X-rays detectors can also be divided in two broad classes gas filled proportional counters (Ubertini, 1987) and scintillation detectors, the latter type being successfully implemented at energies higher than a few tenths of keV. Currently, the availability of space-qualified, high pressure gas cells and the outcome of the fluorescence gating technique for background rejection, have made proportional counters efficient up to < 200 keV. 

The DPE (digital), together with the interfaces to spacecraft, resides within a dedicated box that is isolated from the detector. The tasks to be performed by this multi-functional micro-computer controlled system include event selection and validation, background rejection, and collection and formatting of scientific data. It also provides the interface to the spacecraft, command and control interface, detector control, the collection of housekeeping data, power conversion and conditioning, and an overall experiment watch-dog . 

The possibility of background rejection (up to 80%) combined with a maximum detection efficiency. With the focal spot placed far from the array borders, the efficiency increase is 25% over the nonfocused beam efficiency at 511 keV. 

As discussed in Sec. 4.2.5, use of the pulse-height-selector window mode can be helpful in eliminating higher-order diffraction interferences and in improving the background rejection. The removal of interferences is most appreciated in a wavelength scan where it simplifies the problem of spectrum interpretation. 

Events with a reconstructed global muon with transverse momentum pr > 6 GeV and pseudorapidity jj < 2.1 are selected. In order to improve the background rejection, quality criteria on the number of hits in the tracker and muon detector, the... 

Opto-galvanic spectroscopy of flames has important analytical applications. If an atomic absorption flame (Sect.6.5.3) is irradiated by a tunable laser a change in the current between two electrodes, placed in the outer parts of the flame, can be detected. A typical arrangement is shown in Fig. 9.10. A sensitivity exceeding that obtainable in atomic absorption spectroscopy (Sect.6.5.2) can be achieved for elements seeded into the flame. Two-step excitation improves both sensitivity and background rejection. The opto-galvanic technique can also be used for studying normal flame constituents such as O, H and OH [9.60]. 

Integration time signal coUection/background rejection... 

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