Automated data acquisition

Automated data acquisition The object of using microprocessor-based systems is to remove any potential for human error, reduce manpower and to automate as much as possible the acquisition of vibration, process and other data that will provide a viable predictive maintenance database. Therefore the system must be able to automatically select and set monitoring parameters without user input. The ideal system would limit user input to a single operation. However this is not totally possible with today s technology. 

It is the essence of transient measurements that a certain perturbation is applied to the electrode and then the response is recorded as a function of time. Usually, the transition times are short (fractions of a second), and the transient measurements are performed very rapidly with automated data acquisition. 

The automation of the SEC/Viscometer detector system is achieved by interfacing the DRI and viscosity detectors to a microcomputer for real time data acquisition. The raw data subsequently are transferred to a minicomputer (DEC PDP-11/44) for storage and data reduction. The automated data acquisition and analysis system for the size exclusion chromatograph with multiple detectors used in this study have been described previously.(23)... 

SPC does require statistical quantities of product and automated data tracking. The best processes for SPC are those which are used to make large quantities of inexpensive parts. SPC is also difficult to apply to processes where the number of independent variables is large. Automated data acquisition is a must for SPC, but this is becoming inexpensive and common in the workplace. SPC is also a delayed control method. Many defective parts may be made before SPC corrects the process. The longer it takes to evaluate the results of the process, the more delay in the ability to react to process changes. Another important requirement of SPC is attention to detail on the part of the operator and/or process engineer. No battery of QC tests will detect every variation either in materials and process or in final quality. 

Monomer conversion has traditionally been determined gravitimetrically by drying emulsion samples to constant weight. The procedure is slow, requiring several hours for analysis, and precludes automated data acquisition. A new method has been developed based on the DMA-series digital densitometers manufactured by Anton Paar of Austria, and marketed in the United States by Mettier Instrument Corporation. (Very recently Dr. Kirk Abbey made us aware of his parallel work in these directions and of some initial data reported from his laboratory [1, 2]). This instrument is capable of immediate determination of the density of any test fluid, and, if equipped with a flow cell, can continuously monitor the density of a process stream. Results are displayed locally and can be transmitted digitally to a data acquisition computer. 

Today, this method can be combined with appropriate software to automate data acquisition and data processing. It is easy to use, requires no additional investment, and no method modifications are necessary. 

Xu, R. Cai, Z. Brailsford, A. Smith, B.W. Kassel, D.B. Development of a Visual Basic Application to Automate Data Acquisition, Processing, and Sample Tracking on a Multiplexed Quadrupole LC/MS, in Proceedings of the 49th ASMS Conference on Mass Spectrometry and Allied Topics, May 27-31, 2001, Chicago, II. 

Semiconductor material and device characterization is a very comprehensive subject and worthy of a book by itself. In this chapter, I have limited myself to a few selected topics. I have chosen them because they are relatively new and perhaps not well-known. In some cases, the technique is old, but by combining it with modern computer-automated data-acquisition and display, it is significantly enhanced. 

Extensive data of this type are necessary in order to verify the stability of a spectrometer and identify the potential sources of drift. The stability displayed in the figure is not sufficient for the thermal studies described above because the assignment of the isomer shift depends on the determination of the Debye temperature from the small changes in the slope of the thermal shift curve. The data presented in Figures 3,4, and 5 have been monitored with a constant velocity spectrometer with a verified long-term stability of 0.001 mm/s, which was integrated into a fully automated data-acquisition system. 

Recombined oil (also referred to as live oil ) was prepared by saturating the oil with methane gas in recombination equipment connected to the inlet end of the core holder. Produced fluids were collected into a graduated cylinder placed on an electronic balance for measuring the oil production rate. An automated data acquisition system was employed for recording of the oil-production rate and the differential pressures in each segment during the flow experiment... 

A given Instrumental technique can be considered to bear different relationships to different laboratory processes. Thus, spectrofluorlmetry can be automated by use of a mlcroprocomputer either by setting the desired Instrumental parameters (excitation and emission wavelength, silt width, Instrumental sensitivity, etc.) or by choosing the methodology (conventional, synchronous, synchronous-derivative, time-resolved, etc.) to be used. Automated data acquisition allows the Implementation of these alternatives (see Chapter 9). On the other hand, a fluorlmeter equipped with a flow-cell can be used as... 

Harbin, B.A. and T.W. Stamey Automated data acquisition and processing of the FTC tar analyses 29th Tobacco Chemists Research Conference, Program Booklet and Abstracts, Vol. 29, Paper No. 18,1975, p. 17, see www.ijrtdocs.com 510971828 -1828. 

As a general rule, the electron energies and intensities measured in ESCA are both relatively low because of the various factors discussed above. The low electron-energies dictate the use of windowless detectors and the low intensities dictate the use of pulse-counting techniques most of the available ESCA instruments employ both. The low counting-rates also make automated data-acquisition and analysis attractive thus, many commercial instruments offer on-line computers as part of the entire ESCA system. 

Analytical chemistry of the recent years is strongly influenced by automation. Data acquisition from analytical instruments - and sometimes also controlling of instruments - by a computer are principally solved since many years. Availability of microcomputers made these tasks also feasible from the economic point of view. Besides these basic applications of computers in chemical measurements scientists developed computer programs for solving more sophisticated problems for which some kind of "intelligence" is usually supposed to be necessary. Harmless numerical experiments on this topic led to passionate discussions about the theme "which jobs cannot be done by a computer but only by human brain ". If this question is useful at all it should not be answered a priori. Application of computers in chemistry is a matter of utility sometimes it is a social problem, but it is never a question of piety for the human brain. 

Ruh, H., Sandhoff, R., Meyer, B., Gretz, N., and Hopf, C. 2013. Quantitative characterization of tissue globotetraosylceramides in a rat model of polycystic kidney disease by primadrop sample preparation and indirect high-performance thin layer chromatography-matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of flight-mass spectrometry with automated data acquisition. Anal. Chem., 85 6233-6240. 

Selective NO reduction with NH3 a mixture of NO (500 ppm), NH3 (550 iq>m), O2 (2 vol %) and He (balance) flowed through the sample (corre nding to 1.2 mg Mn in the catalyst bed) at 10 Pa with a flow rate of 50 cm min, a space velocity of 24 000 h" and in a temperature range 110 - 300°C. The product stream is analyzed on line by using a computer-monitored mass spectrometo allowing automated data acquisition and process control [6],... 

Figure 4.18 shows state-of-the-art, laboratory scale experimental apparatus capable of automated data acquisition during sequential filtration, washing and deliquoring phases of a filter cycle the level of hardware and software... 

Surface Forces Apparatus. The experiments were carried out with a modified version of the Mk 3 SFA (Surforce, Santa Barbara, CA). 2 The instrument is equipped with a fully automated data acquisition and evaluation program based on the fast spectral correlation algorithm and is mounted in a box with precise temperature control. All experiments were carried out at 25 °C. 

The Metrohm 646 VA Processor is another microprocessor based instrument. Used in tandem with the 647 VA Electrode Stand and 675 VA Sample Changer, this system is capable of performing automated data acquisition, including the use of the standard additions method. Data analysis features include smoothing and differentiation, and a peak shape analysis routine that performs independently of the base current. Pulse polarographic techniques that can be performed include dp, which can be optimized for reversible and irreversible systems staircase, with current measurement during the final 20 ms of each current step and Barker square wave, which employs a waveform composed of five square wave oscillations superimposed upon a staircase, with currents measured for 2 ms at the end of each half cycle of the second, third and fourth oscillations. The 1988 price of this instrument is 14,000. 

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