Autoimmunity recurrence

Potential utility of rAAV-mediatedgene therapy for islet transplantation and prevention of autoimmunity recurrence in type 1 diabetes... 

Uchikoshi, F., Yang, Z. D., Rostami, S., Yokoi, Y., Capocci, P., Barker, C. F. and Naji, A. (1999). Prevention of autoimmune recurrence and rejection by adenovirus-mediated CTLA4Ig gene transfer to the pancreatic graft in BB rat. Diabetes 48, 652-657. 

Manczak M, Jiang S, Orzechowska B, Adamus G (2002) Crucial role of CCL3/MIP-1 alpha in the recurrence of autoimmune anterior uveitis induced with myelin basic protein in Lewis rats. J Autoimmun 18 259-270... 

Type 1 diabetes affects approximately 1 in 200 Americans, with a sibling recurrence risk of about 6%. It is an example of an autoimmune disease (see Immunology Lecture Notes), in which self-reactive T cells infiltrate the pancreas to destroy insulin-produdng islet cells. Mutations in the class II major histocompatibility locus (MHC) region are estimated to contribute about one third of the risk of developing type 1 diabetes. Mutations in or near the insulin gene itself are responsible for another 10-15% of the risk. 

Immunological Injury. Defects in immunological function may be manifested by such conditions as recurrent infection, autoimmune disease, and lymphoma (129). It is hypothesized that heavy metals may alter the function of sulfur-rich immunoproteins by displacing trace element cofactors (96). Lead burdens in mice, rats, and baboons similar to those... 

The anti-phospholipid syndrome refers to a range of autoimmune conditions which are characterised by venous or arterial thrombosis, recurrent strokes, pulmonary embolism, recurrent pregnancy loss or obstetric complications and the presence of circulating antibodies with specificity to a range of phospholipids including phosphatidylserine and cardiolipin. The syndrome is the leading cause of vascular thrombosis in children. It sometimes accompanies other autoimmune conditions such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). 

B33. Buyon, J. P., Hiebert, R., Copel, J., Craft, J., Friedman, D., et al., Autoimmune-associated congenital heart block Demographics, mortality, morbidity and recurrence rates obtained from a national neonatal lupus registry. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 31, 1658-1666 (1998). 

E4. Eilat, D., and Fischel, R., Recurrent utilization of genetic elements in V regions of antinucleic acid antibodies from autoimmune mice. J. Immunol. 147, 361-368 (1991). 

Comparison of islet allograft destruction and recurrent autoimmunity in NOD mouse models... 

Recurrent autoimmunity as a mechanism offi cell allograft failure... 

Will genes for allograft rejection prevent recurrent autoimmunity and vice versa ... 

Rabinovitch, A., Suarez-Pinzon, W. L., Sorensen, O., Bleackley, R. C., Power, R. F. and Rajotte, R. V. (1995). Combined therapy with interleukin-4 and interleukin-10 inhibits autoimmune diabetes recurrence in syngeneic islet-transplanted nonobese diabetic mice. Analysis of cytokine mRNA expression in the graft.Transplantation 60, 368-374. 

Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, also referred to as immune thrombocytopenic purpura, is a bleeding disorder characterised by destruction of platelets. Antiplatelet autoantibodies are present, suggesting an autoimmune aetiology. These antibodies label the platelets for destruction by macrophages in the spleen. The condition may be acute or chronic. Acute ITP is the most common form and is found most often in children. Some cases are associated with recent viral infections and immunisations, notably the measles, mumps, rubella (MMR) vaccine. Typically, the disease is transient with no evidence of vaccine-associated recurrence. The peak incidence occurs between the ages of... 

Devlin, J., Donaldson, P, Portmann, B., Heaton, N., Tan, K.-C., Williams, R. Recurrence of autoimmune hepatitis following liver transplantation. Liver Transplant. Surg. 1995 1 162—165... 

Recurrence of autoimmune hepatitis after liver transplantation. Trans- 86. 

Wright, H.L., Bon-Abbond, C.F., Hassanein, T., Block, G.D., Demetris, A.J., Starzl, T.E., van TMel, D.H. Disease recurrence and rejection following liver transplantation for autoimmune chronic active liver disease. Transplantation 1992 53 136-139... 

Faust T. Recurrent primary biliary cirrhosis, primary sclerosing cholangitis, and autoimmune hepatitis after transplantation. Liver Transpl 2001 7 ... 

Hartleb M, Nowak A, Kajor M, Wlaszczuk P. Autoimmune LKMl hepatitis presenting in the form of recurrent acute episodes. Am J Gastroenterol 2002 97 1267-8. 

The liver is the primary source of several components of the complement system (i.e., C2, C3, C4, and factors B and D) therefore, in severe liver failure, a global decrease in complement factors occurs. Inherited complement deflciencies have been described in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, autoimmune diseases, recurrent gonococcal and meningococcal infections, membranopro-liferative glomerulonephritis, and hereditary angioedema. ... 

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