Attention-seeking behaviour

This chapter seeks to provide some reflections on the behaviour of health expenditure and the evolution of public health financing, with particular attention to spending on pharmaceuticals. The first part attempts to lay the foundations for a series of considerations on the effects of policies aimed at restraining public health expenditure, in particular drag expenditure. In the second part we offer the reader some reflections on what could constitute an alternative framework which would help to rationalize decision-making processes on pharmaceutical financing and spending. 

For both phases of the present study, the outcomes point to several common and notable findings. Firstly, the results from both phases of this first study indicated that the motivational dimensions of escape/relax, novelty, relationship, and self-development within the new travel career pattern approach are the most important travel motivation factors. A number of studies have endorsed and reinforced these kind of results. For example, the novelty-seeking motive has received considerable attention in tourism research since it was introduced into the tourism literature by Cohen (1972). It is one of the main forces behind all travel behaviour and has been explored in a number of empirical studies (Bello Etzel, 1985 Cohen, 1972 Crompton, 1979 Dann, 1977,1981). While novelty-seeking is a need to pursue stimulation, escape-seeking has been understood as a need to get away from over-stimulation (Iso-Ahola, 1982). Mannell and Iso-Ahola (1987) theorised that escape from routine responsibilities and stress... 

Q2 ADHD is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects children s development. The disorder tends to run in families. It is characterized by inattention, impulsiveness, uncooperativeness, aggressiveness and hyperactivity. The behaviour is not appropriate for the age of the child. There are three subtypes hyperac-tive/impulsive, inattentive and combined. Many children with this disorder are impulsive and disruptive, cannot sit quietly and continually seek attention. 

The second type of complexity seeks to understand the behaviour of systems consisting of many components interacting in different ways, sometimes leading to novel collective properties - termed emergent properties. Again, an enormous literature exists, with much current chemical attention being addressed to self-assembly of nanostructures, and with much biology and physics attention focused on the behaviour of neural networks. 

As Moeller observed in the 1950s [106], Although the octet rule is definitely a useful concept, its applications are limited and it should not receive the universal attention normally focussed upon it. It is much more important that attention be directed to the important phenomenon of electron pairing. The concept that the electrons seek to pair with each other is nearly universal in application and is always useful as a first approximation in predicting chemical behaviour. This rule of two is far more fundamental than the rule of eight . To contemporary sensibilities, this seems a bit harsh and generally multicentred, and dative bonds which favour adherence to the octet rule represent a convenient starting point for discussion. 

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