AST reactor

Pyrolytic Gasification of Na-, Ca-, and Mg-Base Spent Pulping Liquors in an AST Reactor... 

Apparatus. The experiments were performed in a pilot plant consisting of a 1-ft. diameter, 15-ft. high AST reactor and its accessories. A schematic flow sheet of the pilot plant is shown in Figure 1. Details of the reactor and the auxiliary equipment were described earlier (1,9). Flashing atomization at 160°-220°C. and 400-1000 p.s.i.g., through small-orifice stainless steel atomizing nozzles was used in all tests described. 

An accurate, absolute measurement of the char gasification rates would call for the experiment to be conducted under well-determined isothermal conditions. The conditions in an AST reactor are not isothermal, at least from the point of view of the reactant solids and gases. However, heat transfer measurements as well as some internal fluid temperature measurements with water feed have shown that when feeding water alone at 40-50 lbs./hr. and maintaining a uniform wall tern-... 

The last assumption was supported by comparing the gasification rates of old residues in a laboratory fluid bed with the gasification rate of the same chars as continuously produced in an AST reactor. The... 

The nuclear district heating plants (NDHPs) are intended for production of heat in the form of hot water for heating purposes only. The AST reactor plants can be used also for production of process steam of low temperature particularly for seawater desalination. The AST-500 is a 500 MWa, power plant, whose prime objective is district heating. 

There is a close kinship between the chemical process industry and the nuclear electric power industry. In tact once the physics of nuclear reaction was established the rest is chemistiy and hc.it ii an.sfer. The word "reactor" is from chemistry for the location the reaction takes place.. nuclear reactor consists of a vessel in which a nuclear reaction heats water to make steam to drive a turbine o generate electricity. Thus the primary components are pipes, valves, pumps heat exchangers, and water purifiers similar to the components found in a chemical plant. Following the success of WASH-1400, PSA was used to analyze the chemical proce.ssmg of nuclear fuel and. aste preparation for disposal. 

Proliferation. Nuclear-fuel-cycle operations leave open the possibility of improper access to fissile material through theft or diversion. Proliferation can be addressed through near-term measures designed to improve the proliferation-resistance of current nuclear reactor operations and through long-term research to explore proliferation-resistant designs (PC AST, 1999). 

Advanced Sclairtech Also written AST. A version of Sclairtech which uses a different Z-N catalyst. There are two autoclave reactors in series having independent monomer, co-monomer, and catalyst feed systems. Operated by Nova Chemicals at Joffre, Alberta, Canada in 2002. 

An engineering economic analysis was performed in order to estimate the costs associated with the manufacture of SiC fiber by the process just described. The basis for the analysis was an assumed plant consisting of ten or more CVD reactors each 10 feet in length. It was assumed that a carbon tow substrate such asT-300 was being coated with... 

G.M. Antonovsky, A.N. Kadaschov, O.B. Samoilov and L.N. Hyorov, ABW and AST-30 B Reactor Plants for Small Nuclear Power Stations, presentation during the visit of a Soviet delegation to the Whiteshell Nuclear Research Establishment, Pinawa, MB, 1990 February 13-14. 

F.M, Mitenkov, O.B. Samoilov, V.A. Malamud, V.S. Kuul, I.N. Sokolov and U.A. Kuznetsov, Advanced Reactor Plant of Passive Safety for Nuclear District Heating Plants AST-500M, proceedings of the International Conference on Design and Safety of Advanced Nuclear Power Plants, 1992 October 25-29, Tokyo, Japan. 

Over a dozen reactor designs are known worldwide, most of which have originated in developing Member States. The economics of these reactors, however, can only be justified in remote regions isolated from a national grid. Only a few of the concepts have been constructed (e.g. AST-5(X) in Russia, HRS in China and SLOWPOKE in Canada). As a result there is only little operational experience. 

AST-500 is an evolution of the most developed and widely used pressurized water reactors the embodiment of world tendendes in development of enhanced safety new generation reactors for district heating purposes. The AST-500 safety concept is a combination of inherent safety developed in depth with regard to functional and physical protection. 

In the AST-500 all primary circuit equipment is placed inside a common pressure vessel. The reactor integral arrangemoit allows dimination of large piping, i plifies the primaiy circuit and facilitates natural coolant circulation in the reactor to reduce RV irradiation and to extend its lifetime. 

Design data questionnaire (Water Cooled Reactors for AST-500)... 

The General Designer of the reactor plant of the AST-500 NDHP is 0KB Mechanical Engineering, Nizhny Novgorod. The OKBM is a large design and scientific-research centre with production and technological basis for the development of various nuclear power plants. 

AST-500 reactor plants have been designed, fabricated and partly erected on Gorky and Varonezh NDHPs. 

The economic attraction of the AST-500 reactor plant results from ... 

The ATS-150 reactor plant (RP) has been developed on the basis of the AST-500 prototype power units and its construction experience, using thoroughly studied and technically proven design decisions and technologies of the VVERs and the Nuclear Steam Supply System being used for icebreakers, whose reliability has been confirmed by the long-term successful operation. 

The adoption of fuel assemblies and structures of proven design based on the technologies of marine propulsion reactors, the VVER-1000, the AST-500, and the KLT-40S reactors ... 

The reactor plant with RIT reactor of 150 MW thermal is being developed by OKBM on the basis of the design experience of such integral reactors as ABV, AST-500, ATETS-80, ATETS-200, VPBER-600 [15-17, 20-23]. 

Technologies of reactors of the AST-500 nuclear cogeneration plant (safety design) Under construction safety review by the IAEA has been performed. 

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