Assembly Strategies

In Chapter 1.8.4 we have analysed and compared linear and convergent approaches as the two basic strategies to assemble molecules in a rapid and efficient way. In Table 2.1, the most important building blocks used in linear strategies and products thereof are summarised. 

Linear strategies employ a readily available set of monomeric building blocks such as suitably protected amino acids, nucleotides, monosaccharides or /V-alkylated glycines which can be assembled in a repetitive sequence of couplings to produce the corresponding products such as peptides, oligonucleotides, polysaccharides or peptoids. Most of these linear strategies are used by nature to produce the basic molecules of life such as proteins, DNA, RNA and polysaccharide derived natural products. 

Linear strategies in combinatorial synthesis have been extensively summarised and since the present work focuses more on convergent strategies for the synthesis of small molecules we will try in this chapter to summarise only the most important aspects of this very broad field. 

The syntheses of peptide libraries that have appeared in the literature so far can be divided into mainly three categories  

Mixtures of peptides can be obtained using two different strategies  

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In this case, the restriction of peptide self-assembly was both desired, and by design. More generally, when looking to modify peptides and retain their self-assembly, where modifications are incompatible with assembly, post-assembly strategies will be necessary. 

Although the idea of applying mesoporous thin films of Ti02 (or other suitable oxides) prepared by self-assembly strategies in combination... 

In general, dendrimer syntheses involves hierarchical assembly strategies that require the following construction components ... 

While the field of DCC is fairly young, it has extensive roots in other areas of endeavor, particularly in origins of life research and in self-assembly strategies from the supramolecular chemistry community. DCC has rapidly built an impressive and diverse set of applications, hbrary types, and selection strategies. However, further research into new reversible reactions is... 

Having discussed self-assembly strategies toward noncovalently functionalized side chain supramolecular polymers as well as studies toward the orthogonahty of using multiple noncovalent interactions in the same system, this section presents some of the potential applications of these systems as reported in the literature. The apphcations based on these systems can be broadly classified into two areas 1) self-assembled functional materials and 2) functionalized reversible network formation. 

Fig. 5 Synthesis of gemini surfactants by a divergent assembly strategy...

Fig. 7 Synthesis of pyridinium-based cationic lipids by a linear assembly strategy...

Carbohydrates play an important role in nature. This chapter shows that the glycal assembly strategy can be used to synthesize complex carbohydrates. 

Macrocyclic chemistry spans the whole range from molecular recognition to template effects to STM experiments. The fundamentals for the development of macrocyclic molecules with more complex functions are laid. This basic knowledge that has been compiled over years, allows us now to more elaborate systems with diversity of functionalities. We discussed two of the many methods used in this respect, template and self-assembly strategies, and their combination. Current research in this area includes construction of systems bearing functions that allow incorporation into high-order architectures. 

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