As alternative fuel

CNG, compressed natural gas, and LPG, liquefied petroleum gas, are also used as alternative fuels. 

Macroeconomic impacts of introducing hydrogen as alternative fuel. 

Hall, R.J. and Lambert, L., Resource Availability and Utilization of Forests for Energy , presented at Alcohols as Alternative Fuels for Ontario Symposium, Toronto, Ontario (19 November 1976). 

Moll, A.J. and Clark, C.R., "An Overview of Alcohol Production Routes", presented at "Alcohols as Alternative Fuels for Ontario" Symposium, Toronto, Ontario (19 November 1976). Moses, C.T. and Rivero, J.R., "Design and Operation of the Purox System Demonstration Plant", from the 5th Nat. Congress on Waste Management Technology and Resource Recovery, Dallas, (7-9 Dec. 1976). 

Azarniouch, M.K. and Thompson, K.M., "Alcohol from Cellulose-Production Technology", presented at "Alcohols as Alternative Fuels for Ontario" Symposium, Toronto, Ontario (19 Nov. 1976). Gaden, E.L., "Biotechnology - An Old Solution to a New Problem", Chem. Eng. Div. Award Lecture, Amer. Soc. Eng. Ed. National Meeting (June 1974). 

Another indirect way that polymers can assist fuel economy is by allowing alternative fuel uses. Plastics can create free space needed to store bulky batteries encouraging their use as alternative fuel sources. 

Converting biomass into fuel grade products such as gases, alcohols, and oils can be accomplished by processes such as fermentation, anaerobic digestion, thermal conversion, and oil extraction. The fuel grade products produced from these processes can be utilized directly as alternative fuel or, if appropriate, serve as components for blending into existing petroleum-based fuels. 

Primary environmental benefits of using compressed gases as alternative fuel... 

Methanol has many of the same advantages and disadvantages as ethanol as an alternative fuel source. Listed in TABLE 12-10 is a comparison of methanol and ethanol as alternative fuels. 

Alcohols. Reactions of the simple alcohols in air are of particular interest because of their use as alternate fuels, including as blends with gasoline (see Chapter 16.D). There are two possible abstraction sites for the reaction with methanol, the alcohol O-H or the alkyl... 

The reason that solid state batteries are potentially useful is that they can perform over a wide temperature range, they have a long shelf life, and it is possible to manufacture them so that they are extremely small. Lightweight rechargeable batteries can be now be made to give sufficient power to maintain mobile phones for several days and laptop computers for several hours. They are used for backup power supplies and may eventually become useful as alternative fuel sources to power cars. 

Co-, Pd-, Ga- or In- containing catalysts are efficient and selective catalysts in reduction of NOx by methane (55) methane (> 90% of natural gas) is widely used as a fuel source for many combustion processes and electric utilities and also as alternative fuels... 

Certain oilseed processors use byproducts of production as alternative fuels, which is particularly true in sunflower and peanut processing where hulls are burned as boiler fuel. This creates additional combustion challenges, but reduces solid waste. 

Cruz, I. E. "Studies on the Practical Application of Producer Gas from Agricultural Residues as Alternative Fuel for Diesel Engines", U. P. Engineering Research and Development Foundation Report, 1978 (Dec), (21 pages mimeographed report). 

Dimethyl Ether As Alternate Fuel, SRI Consulting, Process Economics Report 245A, August 2005. 

The measured data shows that by the application of microemulsions as alternative fuel the combustion becomes cleaner and more efficient. Microemulsions can be used successfully in both stationary and dynamically operated engines. In the stationary operation it... 

Cvengros, J. E Povalanec. Production and treatment of rapeseed oil methyl esters as alternative fuels for diesel engines. Bioresour. Technol. 1996, 55, 145-152. 

Defects of fatty acid oxidation interfere with the production of ketones as a resnlt of impaired beta-oxidation. Hypoglycaitia results from excessive use of glucose by peripheral tissues and the inability to synthesize ketone bodies which can be used as alternative fuels [12]. Patients with fatty acid oxidation defects often have significant hypoketotic hypoglycemia, although it is important to note that there may be mild ketone production and, in rare circumstances, significant... 

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