Artificial water

EGC > EC = C determined using artificial water-soluble phenothiazine radical cations (Salah et al., 1995) and EGCG > EGC > ECG > C determined in a mixture of LDL and VLDL. However, in the oxidation of unilamellar liposomes of phosphatidylcholine initiated with a water-soluble azo compound at 37°C, the antioxidant activities of EGCG and EGC were lower than those of EC and ECG at pH 7.4, and their depletion of EGCG and EGC was faster than that of EC and ECG (Terao et al, 1994). 

Poly(HASCL) depolymerases are able to bind to poly(3HB)-granules. This ability is specific because poly(3HB) depolymerases do not bind to chitin or to (crystalline) cellulose [56,57]. The poly(3HB)-binding ability is lost in truncated proteins which lack the C-terminal domain of about 60 amino acids, and these modified enzymes do not hydrolyze poly(3HB). However, the catalytic domain is unaffected since the activity with water-soluble oligomers of 3-hy-droxybutyrate or with artificial water-soluble substrates such as p-nitrophenyl-esters is unaffected [55, 56, 58, 59]. Obviously, the C-terminal domain of poly(3HB) depolymerases is responsible and sufficient for poly(3HB)-binding [poly(3HB)-binding domain]. These results are in agreement ... 

This geothermal system is now regarded has a heat mine, from which the heat is recovered by means of an artificial water flow. The exploitation strategy is therefore progressively moving from a strategy typical of hydrothermal systems to one typical of hot-dry-rock (HDR) systems. An HDR system is any system where injection is necessary to extract the heat at a commercial rate for a prolonged period (Baldeyrou-Bailly et al, 2004). 

As discussed in Chapter 7, many minerals and other solid materials can sorb and/or coprecipitate arsenic in artificial water treatment systems. Iron (oxy)(hydr)oxides are especially important and effective in both... 

And then, about a year ago, he died and I found to my amazement that I was sole heir to his five or six thousand a year, and the owner of Barley Grange which is really an awfully nice place in Kent, quite near enough to be convenient for the prosperous young man about town which I had become and for the best of it, a piece of artificial water quite large enough for me to use for a waterdrome for my seaplane. 

Frequency mapping ui —> Q uj) that is used to construct the artificial water susceptibility is shown in long-dashed line in Fig. 13.8 (the dotted... 

The comparison of the SC spectra obtained using the realistic and artificial water susceptibilities is shown in Fig. 13.10. The original and artificial medium spectra agree quite well in the vicinity of the excitation wavelength. However, at high frequencies the two materials produce drastically different continua. The long-dashed line shows the SC spectrum transformed by the same transformation that produced the artificial medium susceptibility from the water susceptibility. This appears to be very close to the artificial medium spectrum. This indicates that the extent of the spectrum is actually determined mostly by the linear dispersion properties of the medium. 

Fig. 7.13 Perchlorate formation in the discontinuous parallel plate cell using BDD electrodes and artificial waters (200 Am-2, 650mL, 20°C)...

Light Harvesting Units in Artificial Water Splitting Systems... 

WATER OF CHASTITY — An Artificial Water, made use of by persons who are anxious to safeguard chastity. The receipt may be found in the work of Adrian Mynsicht, p. 286. 

Berges, J. A., Franklin, D. J., and Harrison, P. J. (2001). Evolution of an artificial seawater medium Improvements in enriched seawater, artificial water over the last two decades. J. Phycol. 37, 1138-1145. 

A sharp decrease in water and sediment inflow of the Amudarya and Syrdarya rivers to the Aral Sea and the drop of its level has resulted in slow-down and then termination of the active, i.e., through accumulation of river sediments, advance of the deltas into the Aral Sea. Their hydrographic network, landscapes, biological resources have experienced severe degradation. At present only artificial watering is possible for some parts of the deltas. 

Thomas Aquinas, Summa theologiae, 12 67. A similar view underlies Thomas s position on the making of the sacramental host. If one uses artificial water, such as rosewater, the result will not be true bread (veruspanis) because the substantial form of bread will be lacking. See Summa theologiae, Tertia Pars, Quaestio 74, Articulus 7, Ad tertium. 

Level 1 Results (e.g. NOEC/ECio values) from aquatic toxicity tests are usually expressed as total or dissolved metal concentrations. Most aquatic toxicity tests are conducted in artificial waters (without DOC) and therefore tend to maximise bioavailability and toxicity. In this first level (Level 1), conversion towards dissolved metal concentrations is aimed at. Hence, if dissolved concentrations are not given it is assumed... 

What about artificial water supply systems Maybe just enclosing the flow from reservoir to final user in watertight pipes is sufficient to ensure that the laws of supply and demand will apply. We can imagine a pipe leading from a reservoir situated in the hills 1000 m above the user, open at the level of the reservoir but terminated by a tap at the level of the user. Opening the tap will make the water flow closing it will make it stop. Not only that, but we can obtain a less-than-maximal flow by opening the tap only partially. 

The activator of cerebroside sulfatase (or sulfatide activator ) was purified by Fischer and Jatzkewitz (1975) from human liver and identified as a water-soluble glycoprotein with an isoelectric point at pH 4.3 and a molecular weight of approximately 22,000 Daltons. From kinetic and binding experiments and from the fact that this cofactor stimulated only the degradation of lipid substrates but not of artificial water-soluble ones, these authors concluded that the cofactor serves to solubilize the lipid by binding to it and extracting it from the membrane (or micelle). The resulting activator/lipid complex was assumed to be the true substrate of the enzymic reaction (Fischer and Jatzkewitz, 1977, 1978). 

The artificial water used in the column experiments contained various ions which are intended to react with the surface of iron hydroxides. To obtain a realistic model, PHREEQC2 has to be used with a database which not only considers surface complexation constants for the sorption of the studied oxoanions but for aU reactive ions of the artificial water. It is assumed that only chloride and nitrate do not react with the iron hydroxide surface (Dzombak and Morel, 1990). 

Silicate can potentially also affect the surface charge of iron hydroxide (Goldberg, 1985). Silicate is not a primary constituent of the artificial water but it may be dissolved from the quartz sand. The concentration of silicate in equilibrium with Si02 (amorphous) calculated by PHREEQC2 is about 1 mmol/L H4Si04 in case of the artificial water at pH 6. Experimentally determined surface complexation constants for the adsorption of silicate on iron hydroxide were not available. Instead estimates made by linear free-energy relationships from Dzombak and Morel (1990) were implemented in... 

Liu, et al.. Carbon nanotube based artificial water channel protein membrane perturbation and water transportation. Nano Lett. 2009, 9(4), 1386-1394. 

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