Binding ability

In the limit of high viscosity, immobile liquid bridges formed from materials such as asphalt or pitch fail by tearing apart the weakest bond. Then adhesion and/or cohesion forces are Lilly exploited, and binding ability is much larger. 

Almost as soon as Pedersen announced his discovery of the crown ethers (see Chaps. 2 and 3) it was recognized by many that these species were similar to those prepared by Busch and coworkers for binding coinage and transition metals (see Sect. 2.1). The latter compounds contained all or a predominance of nitrogen and sulfur (see also Chap. 6) in accordance with their intended use. The crown ethers and the polyazamacrocycles represented two extremes in cation binding ability and preparation of the intermediate compounds quickly ensued. In the conceptual sense, monoazacrowns are the simplest variants of the macrocyclic polyethers and these will be discussed first. 

A detailed spectral analysis was undertaken and mechanical properties are described, but no information is reported on the cation binding abilities of the various species thus produced . 

In the early work, benzene formed the basis of a variety of multi-armed structures. Analogs bearing from 2—6 arms were prepared and compared for cation binding ability. The only indication of mode of synthesis for the hexa-substituted benzene derivative is that it was obtained on reaction of benzene-hexakis(methanethiol) and l-bromo-3,6,9-trioxatridecane . The reaction is illustrated in Eq. (7.6), below, devoid of reaction conditions and yields which were not specified. 

The complexation of 6, ciprofloxacin, and lomefloxacin with metals ions were studied in aqueous solution (pD 2.5 37 °C) by and NMR spectroscopy (99MI18). Titration experiments have revealed that the binding ability of 6 towards Al " " ion is much stronger than that of ciprofloxacin and lomefloxacin. Other metal ions (Ca " " and Mg " ") formed much weaker complexes. 

Sarge, K.D., Zimarino, V., Holm, K., Wu, C Morimoto, R.l. (1991). Cloning and characterization of two mouse heat shock factors with distinct inducible and constitutive DNA binding ability. Genes Dev. 5, 1902-1911. 

The one residue most extensively studied is tryptophan. It is very easily modified, indicating that tryptophan residue is exposed 5-8). Raman spectroscopic analysis of a sea snake neurotoxin indicated that a single tryptophan residue is indeed exposed (2). The tryptophan residue lies in the important loop consisting of segment 4. Modification of the tryptophan residue induces the loss of AChR binding ability as well as the loss of toxicity 5-8). 

A novel antibody supramolecule is designed and prepared by using immunoglobulin M (IgM) as a core and chemically modified IgGs as branches as shown in Scheme 3. The characteristic binding ability and specificity of IgG were found to remain during the chemical modification of IgG with 3MPylC. When IgM for... 

On the other hand, the macrolides showed unusual enzymatic reactivity. Lipase PF-catalyzed polymerization of the macrolides proceeded much faster than that of 8-CL. The lipase-catalyzed polymerizability of lactones was quantitatively evaluated by Michaelis-Menten kinetics. For all monomers, linearity was observed in the Hanes-Woolf plot, indicating that the polymerization followed Michaehs-Menten kinetics. The V, (iaotone) and K,ax(iaotone)/ m(iaotone) values increased with the ring size of lactone, whereas the A (iactone) values scarcely changed. These data imply that the enzymatic polymerizability increased as a function of the ring size, and the large enzymatic polymerizability is governed mainly by the reachon rate hut not to the binding abilities, i.e., the reaction process of... 

A single mutation affects enzyme activity but not elicitorand PGIP binding abilities of endopolygalacturonase... 

The factors to consider in the selection of crossflow filtration include the flow configuration, tangential linear velocity, transmembrane pressure drop (driving force), separation characteristics of the membrane (permeability and pore size), size of particulates relative to the membrane pore dimensions, low protein-binding ability, and hydrodynamic conditions within the flow module. Again, since particle-particle and particle-membrane interactions are key, broth conditioning (ionic strength, pH, etc.) may be necessary to optimize performance. 

Radish KM, Shao J, Ou Z, Zhan R, Burdet E, Barhe J-M, Gros CP, Guilard R. 2005. Electrochemistry and spectroelectrochemistry of heterobimetalUc porphyrin-corrole dyads. Influence of the spacer, metal ion, and oxidation state on the pyridine binding ability. Inorg Chem 44, 9023-9038. 

Emedastine H,-receptor antagonist inhibits eosinophil chemotaxis Superior Hrreceptor binding ability... 

Regular pyrimidines are less effective ligands for Ni11 ions. They may use, inter alia, their C=0 donor to yield monodentate coordination.1835 Insertion of a sulfur atom into a pyrimidine moiety increases considerably its binding ability.1836 Thiolation of uridine at C(2) or C(4) results in formation of a quite effective S,N3 four-membered chelate in the complexes with Ni11. Thiolation of purine at C(6) increases the stability constant by 3.5 orders of magnitude. 

Poly(HASCL) depolymerases are able to bind to poly(3HB)-granules. This ability is specific because poly(3HB) depolymerases do not bind to chitin or to (crystalline) cellulose [56,57]. The poly(3HB)-binding ability is lost in truncated proteins which lack the C-terminal domain of about 60 amino acids, and these modified enzymes do not hydrolyze poly(3HB). However, the catalytic domain is unaffected since the activity with water-soluble oligomers of 3-hy-droxybutyrate or with artificial water-soluble substrates such as p-nitrophenyl-esters is unaffected [55, 56, 58, 59]. Obviously, the C-terminal domain of poly(3HB) depolymerases is responsible and sufficient for poly(3HB)-binding [poly(3HB)-binding domain]. These results are in agreement ... 

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