Arter

Systemic vasculitis Wegener s disease, giant cell arteritis, polyarteritis nodosa... 

Myositis may also have an infective basis. Viral myositis has been recorded in association with influenza and picomavirus infections, particularly those due to viruses of the Coxsackie group, and HIV infection is an increasingly common cause of myositis seen in routine practice. Fungal, bacterial, and parasitic myositis is seen much more rarely in North America and Europe than in tropical parts of the world, but in these regions these forms of infective myositis constitute a significant problem. In any survey of inflammatory muscle disorders, it is also necessary to consider other inflammatory conditions which affect muscle indirectly, but do not cause myositis in the strict sense of the word. In this group are to be found various forms of arteritis and fascitis and granulomatous conditions such as sarcoidosis. 

The cytotoxicity of LDL can also be inferred from the study by Blake et al. (1985). In this study of human cultured endothelial cells, stored sera from patients with necrotizing arteritis demonstrated an enhanced tendency to develop oxidized LDL, which correlated closely with endothelial cell cytotoxicity. This process appears to require the presence of both oxygen and transition metal ions such as iron in the presence of a reducing agent (Gebicki ef /., 1991). There is considerable evidence that transition metals are involved in cell-induced modifications of LDL including the inhibitory effects of EDTA and desfer-rioxamine (Hiramatsu et 1987). A role for Of in LDL modification by endothelial cells and fibroblasts comes from studies showing inhibition of LDL oxidation by SOD (Steinbrecher, 1988). 

Localized infections occur in 5% to 10% of cases with Salmonella bacteremia. Sites for extraintestinal complications of salmonellosis include endocarditis, arteritis, central nervous system, lung, bone, joints, muscle/soft tissue, splenic, and genitourinary. 

Bill Arter. Man-Made Cavern. Columbus Dispatch Magazine. (Oct. 31, 1965) 5. William F. Ashe. Robert Arthur Kehoe, MD. Archives of Environmental Health. 13 (Aug. 1966) 138-142. 

Petrie MC, Padmanaban N, McDonald JE, Hillier C, Connell JMC, McMur-ray J J V. Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) and non-ACE dependent angiotensin II generation in resistance arteres from patients with heart failure and coronary heart disease. J Am Coll Cardiol 2001 37 1056-1061. 

Schaefer JR, Scharnagl H, Baumstark MW, Schweer H, Zech LA, Seyberth H, et al. Homozygous familial defective apolipoprotein B-100. Enhanced removal of apolipoprotein E-containing VLDLs and decreased production of LDLs. Arter-ioscler Thromb Vase Biol 1997 17 348-353. 

Suggested Alternatives for Differential Diagnosis Colics, anthrax, equine rhinopneumonitis, equine infectious anemia, equine influenza, equine encephalosis, equine viral arteritis, and piroplasmosis. Field diagnosis may be virtually impossible. 

Berger-Sweeney, J., Libbey, M., Arters, J., Junagadhwalla, M., andHohmann, C.F. (1998) Neonatal monoaminergic depletion in mice (Mus musculus) improves performance of a novel odor discrimination task. Behav. Neurosci. 112, 1318-1326. 

Guthrie SK, Zubieta JK, Ohl L, Ni L, Koeppe RA, Minoshima S, Domino EF (1999) Arter-ial/venous plasma nicotine concentrations following nicotine nasal spray. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 55(9) 639-643... 

Q77 Giant cell arteritis may present with tender and non-pulsatile temporal arteries together with erythema and oedema of the overlying skin. The condition may require the use of prednisolone tablets for at least 2 years. 

Giant cell arteritis (cranial or temporal arteritis) is an inflammatory condition that may affect any of the large arteries, especially the temporal and occipital arteries. The thickened temporal arteries may be tender and non-pulsatile, with erythema and oedema of the overlying skin. Early treatment with high-dose corticosteroids such as prednisolone is essential and should be continued for a minimum of 2-3 years at a reduced dose. 

Pregnancy (ergotamine s powerful uterine stimulant actions may cause fetal harm) hypersensitivity to ergot alkaloids peripheral vascular disease (eg, thromboangiitis obliterans, leutic arteritis, severe arteriosclerosis, thrombophlebitis, Raynaud s disease) hepatic or renal impairment severe pruritus coronary artery disease hypertension sepsis. The use of potent CYP3A4 inhibitors (ritonavir, nelfinavir, indinavir, erythromycin, clarithromycin, troleandomycin, ketoconazole, itraconazole) with dihydroergotamine is contraindicated. 

Dotter C, Judkins MP. Transluminal treatment of arter-iosclrotic obstruction description of a new technique and preliminary report on its application. Circulation 1964 30 654. 

Hristov M, Erl W, Weber PC. Endothelial progenitor cells mobilization, differentiation, and homing. Arter-ioscler Thromb Vase Biol 2003 23 1185-1189. 

The autoimmune rheumatic diseases consists of Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA), Spondylarthritis (SpA), Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE), Polymyositis, Dermatomyositis, Polymyalgia Rheumatica, Acute Temporal Arteritis, Giant Cell Arteritis, Behcet s Disease, Sjorgren s Syndrome, Felty s Syndrome and Mixed Connective Tissue Disease (MCTD). Spondylarthritis (SpA) can be subdivided in Reactive Arthritis (ReA), Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS), Psoriatic Arthritis (PsA), Arthritis associated with the inflammatory bowel diseases are Crohn s disease and Ulcerative Colitis (IBD), Undifferentiated SpA (UspA) and Sacro-ilitis, Juvenile SpA and Acute Anterior Uveitis (AAU). 

A potentially fatal lung toxicity occurs in 10 to 20% of patients receiving bleomycin. Patients particularly at risk are those who are over 70 years of age and have had radiation therapy to the chest. Rarely, bleomycin also may cause allergic pneumonitis. Bleomycin skin toxicity is manifested by hyperpigmentation, erythematosus rashes, and thickening of the skin over the dorsum of the hands and at dermal pressure points, such as the elbows. Many patients develop a low-grade transient fever within 24 hours of receiving bleomycin. Less common adverse effects include mucositis, alopecia, headache, nausea, and arteritis of the distal extremities. 

Autoimmune hemolytic anemia Myasthenia gravis Cranial arteritis... 

Puppinck. Popliteal artery entrapment associated with cannabis arteritis. Eur CS320 J Vase Endovasc Surg 2004 27(3) ... 

Grosbois. Cannabis arteritis four new cases. Rev Med Interne 2003 24(2) ... 

Disdier, P., L. Swiader, ]. Jouglard, et al. Cannabis-induced arteritis vs. Buerger disease. Nosologic discussion apropos of two new cases. Presse Med 1999 28(2) 71-74. 

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