Area of ocean

The various reference materials described above are listed together in Box 6.1. Each of these is considered by the committee to have the potential for significant impact on an important area of ocean science and, as such, is assigned a high priority (however, see Statement of Top Priorities below). 

Surface Area of Ocean Carbon in Ocean Surface Layer (0-75 m)... 

Oceanic plateaus represent overthickened areas of oceanic crust (10-35 km), which appear to have formed as a result of decompression melting of a large mantle plume head, often (although not always) within 1 -2 Ma. Geological and geochemical evidence suggests that oceanic plateaus have formed throughout a considerable period of Earth s history. 

Phytoplankton in areas of oceanic upwell-ing contain raised Cd levels (Martin and Broenkow 1975), and filter-feeding mollusks can accumulate significant concentrations of Cd, even in coastal localities that are only moderately contaminated (Bryan et al. 1980). Oysters, in particular, are well-known Cd accumulators, with levels of up to 8 mg kg wet weight having been recorded in New Zealand (Nielsen 1975). Certain edible crustaceans such as crab and lobster also contain relatively high Cd concentrations, the metal being localized in the hepatopancreas or brown meaf ... 

In normal years the trade winds blow from east to west across the Pacific This causes a difference In sea level and a mass of warm water builds up In the western Pacific, creating a warm area of ocean off the east coast of Indonesia. This area has some of the highest rainfall in the world. 

In certain years there is a reduction in the intensity of the trade winds across the Pacific. This allows the mass of warm water in the west to flow across to the east, creating a warm area of ocean off the west coast of South America. This brings rain to Peru but causes drought in southeast Asia and Austraiia. 

The submarine will be around for a long time to come. As a military weapon, submarines, especially nuclear ones, are stealthy, capable, and flexible in the missions they can accomplish. They can dominate large areas of ocean, and their ability to carry a variety of weapons systems makes them useful to navies that have them and attractive to navies that want them. As the backbone of a nation s nuclear deterrent force, missile-firing submarines, although expensive, are less vulnerable than land-based systems, guaranteeing their presence in the world s major navies for the foreseeable future. 

Global Carbonate Equilibria The coral reefs that ring many tropical areas of ocean form through complex interactions among gaseous COj, solid CaCOj, and dissolved Ca + and HCOj" ions. In this chapter, we introduce three types of aqueous ionic equilibria with major applications in industry and the environment. 

The Eisevier Ocean Engineering Book Series gives experts in various areas of ocean technology the opportunity to relate to others their knowledge and expertise. In a continual process, we are assembling world-class technologists who have both the desire and the ability to write books. These individuals select the subjects for their books based on their educational backgrounds and professional experiences. 

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