Arcuate artery

The capillaries of the nonglomerular renal cortex (e.g., peritubular capillaries) represent a second capillary bed that derives from ramifications of the efferent glomerular arteriole. The vascular sequence is renal artery—arcuate arteries/arcuate arterioles—cortical arterioles—afferent (glomerular) arteriole—glomerular capillaries—efferent (glomerular) arteriole—peritubular capillaries [11,12]. 

Blood flow to the two kidneys is approximately 22-25% of the cardiac output. The kidneys are supplied by the renal artery which enters the kidneys through the hilum and then branches progressively to form the interlobar arteries, arcuate arteries, interlobular arteries (also called radial arteries), and afferent arterioles, which lead to the glomerular capillaries. The distal ends of each glomerulus coalesce to form the efferent arteriole, which leads to a secondary capillary network, the peritubular capillaries which surround the renal tubules. The cortex receives approximately 90% of the blood flow compared to the medulla or papillae so blood-borne toxic molecules reaching the kidneys have a more toxic effect on the cortex, as compared to the medulla or renal papillae. The interstitial space is occupied by the fenestrated peritubular capillaries and a small number of fibroblast-like cells. Increase in thickness of interstitial space in pathological conditions is due to edema, proliferation of fibrous tissue, or infiltration of inflammatory cells (Guyton and Hall, 2006). 

Hepatorenal syndrome is characterized by pronounced vasoconstriction of the renal cortex with tortuosity and narrowing of the interlobular and arcuate arteries. The blood supply to the renal cortex may be almost totally interrupted and, at the same time, the blood flow is diverted into areas containing cortical vessels... 

Cobra venom Massive constriction of the interlobar and arcuate arteries Complement activation [256]... 

ZimmerhackI LB, Fretschner M, Steinhausen M Cyclosporin reduces renal blood flowthrough vasoconstriction of arcuate arteries in the hydronephrotic rat model. Klin.Wochenschr. 68 166-174,1990... 

Intramural fibroids are the most common type of fibroids. Their blood supply comes from one or more nutrient arteries. As the fibroid increases in size, the nutrient artery, and the arcuate artery enlarge [4]. Submucosal fibroids also obtain their blood supply from the nutrient arteries. However, with subserosal fibroids, the fibroid may adhere to other structures, and derive blood supply from those adjacent structures [4], including the ovarian arteries. 

In 19 healthy parturients undergoing elective cesarean section who were to phenylephrine or ephedrine as a prophylactic infusion supplemented with minor boluses if systolic arterial pressure fell by more than 10 mmHg, both the vasopressors restored maternal arterial pressure effectively [25 J. Ephedrine had no significant effects on Doppler velocimetry but phenylephrine infusion significantly increased the blood flow velocity waveform indices in the uterine and placental arcuate arteries and reduced vascular resistance significantly in the fetal renal arteries. However, healthy... 

The dorsalis pedis artery is the direct continuation of the anterior tibial artery and represents the main vascular supply for the toes it begins midway between the lateral and medial malleolus and runs anteromedially between the tendons of the extensor hallucis longus and extensor digitorum longus to reach the first interosseous space. At the level of the tarsometatarsal joint, the dorsalis pedis artery gives off the first metatarsal artery and an arcuate artery which sends branches to the second, third, and fourth metatarsals. Lateral to the dorsalis pedis artery, the medial branch of the deep peroneal nerve is directed straight forward to reach the first intermetatarsal space. 

Renal blood flow originates from the renal arteries, which are direct branches off of the aorta. Renal arteries progressively branch to form interlobar arteries, arcuate arteries, interlobular arteries, and afferent arterioles, the latter of which provide blood to the glomerulus. The kidney receives up to 20-25% of cardiac output, with the cortex receiving the majority (90%) of the blood flow, and the medulla (6-10%) and papilla (1-2%) receiving considerably less direct blood flow (Schnellmann, 2008). Thus, blood-bome toxicants are delivered in higher amounts to the cortex, whereas the medulla and papilla... 

Color Doppler is now essential for detection of intra- or extrarenal arterial or venous abnormalities. The entire graft, and venous and arterial anastomoses can be imaged with a 3.5- to 5-MHz probe (Fig. 3.3). A high-frequency (7.5-14 MHz) probe allows examination by generating high-resolution images of the anterior distal intrarenal vasculature (interlobular and arcuate arteries), which are bet-... 

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