Interlobar/arcuate artery

Blood flow to the two kidneys is approximately 22-25% of the cardiac output. The kidneys are supplied by the renal artery which enters the kidneys through the hilum and then branches progressively to form the interlobar arteries, arcuate arteries, interlobular arteries (also called radial arteries), and afferent arterioles, which lead to the glomerular capillaries. The distal ends of each glomerulus coalesce to form the efferent arteriole, which leads to a secondary capillary network, the peritubular capillaries which surround the renal tubules. The cortex receives approximately 90% of the blood flow compared to the medulla or papillae so blood-borne toxic molecules reaching the kidneys have a more toxic effect on the cortex, as compared to the medulla or renal papillae. The interstitial space is occupied by the fenestrated peritubular capillaries and a small number of fibroblast-like cells. Increase in thickness of interstitial space in pathological conditions is due to edema, proliferation of fibrous tissue, or infiltration of inflammatory cells (Guyton and Hall, 2006). 

Cobra venom Massive constriction of the interlobar and arcuate arteries Complement activation [256]... 

The renal arteries originate from the aorta at the L2 level. A third of the population has multiple renal arteries. The main renal arteries are 5 to 6 mm in diameter and typically bifurcate into anterior and posterior divisions. There is further subdivision into segmental, interlobar, arcuate, and interlobular arteries before termination in glomeruli. Capsular and adrenal arteries take their origin from the main renal arteries. 

Renal blood flow originates from the renal arteries, which are direct branches off of the aorta. Renal arteries progressively branch to form interlobar arteries, arcuate arteries, interlobular arteries, and afferent arterioles, the latter of which provide blood to the glomerulus. The kidney receives up to 20-25% of cardiac output, with the cortex receiving the majority (90%) of the blood flow, and the medulla (6-10%) and papilla (1-2%) receiving considerably less direct blood flow (Schnellmann, 2008). Thus, blood-bome toxicants are delivered in higher amounts to the cortex, whereas the medulla and papilla... 

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