Aquatic food webs

In summaiy, prey fish are present in most surface waters, require moderate sampling effort, are important in the trophic transfer of MeHg in aquatic food webs, and probably indicate annual changes in exposure to MeHg. Given these attributes. 

Food-web and trophic dynamics. Organisms at the base of aquatic food webs play a key role in the transfer of MeHg to npper trophic levels (Jackson and Harvey 1993 Plomde etal. 1997 Tremblay and Lucotte 1997 Bodaly and Fudge 1999). Within a given water body, interarmual... 

Becker DS, Bigham GN. 1995. Distribution of mercury in the aquatic food web of Onondaga Lake, New York. Water Air Soil Pollut 80 563-571. 

Loftus WF, Trexler JC, Jones RD. 1998. Mercury transfer through an Everglades aquatic food web. Dept, of Biol. Sci. and SE Environ. Res. Prog., Florida International University Final Report to the Florida Department of Environmental Protection, December 1998, contract SP-329. 

Brisbin, I.L., Jr. D.D. Breshears, K.L. Brown, M. Ladd, M.H. Smith, M.W. Smith, and A.L. Towns. 1989. Relationships between levels of radiocaesium in components of terrestrial and aquatic food webs of a contaminated streambed and floodplain community. Jour. Appl. Ecol. 26 173-182. 

There is growing evidence that environmental contaminants represent a conservation-level concern in some marine mammal populations, by contributing to an increased vulnerability to infection by natural or emergent pathogens. In this light, those marine mammals that are most contaminated with persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are most vulnerable to adverse health effects. Those species that occupy high trophic levels in aquatic food webs are typically the most contaminated [47 19],... 

Most marine mammals are exposed to relatively high concentrations of those contaminants considered to be persistent (do not breakdown readily in the environment), bioaccumulative (are not readily metabolized and excreted by biota in aquatic food webs), and (immuno)toxic. Candidates in this category include various congeners of... 

Komarek J, Kling H (2003) Filamentous cyanobacteria. In Wehr JD, Sheath RG (eds) Freshwater algae of North America ecology and classification. Academic, San Diego, CA, pp 117-196 Kotak BG, Zurawell RW, Prepas EE, Holmes CFB (1996) Microcystin-LR concentration in aquatic food web compartments from lakes of varying trophic status. Can J Fish Aquatic Sci 53 1974-1985... 

No detailed studies have been reported on the transfer of metabolites through aquatic food webs. Moreover, no specific information is available on the effects of metabolites on aquatic ecosystems. Both of these deficiencies leave important unanswered questions. 

Thomann, R.V. Connolly, J.P. Parkerton, T.F 1992, Modeling Accumulation of Organic Chemicals in Aquatic Food Webs. In Chemical Dynamics in Freshwater Ecosystems. Gobas F.A.P.C., Mc-Corquodale, J.A., Eds. Lewis Publishers Boca Raton FL. pp. 153-185. 

Fishes in Alpine floodplains are limited to cold stenothermic species such as the brown trout, and many alpine lakes are currently stocked to sustain the fishery. Water abstraction and flow regulation severely constrain the management of the fishery in Alpine waters today. The effects of climate change on the fishery are difficult to predict but could facilitate the upward migration of more cool water fishes in the future. The implications of these new fishes on aquatic food webs are not certain but could be substantial. 

Distribution of phthalate esters in amarine aquatic food web comparison to polychlorinated biphenyls . Environ Sci Technol, 38, 2011-2020. 

Phytoplankton play an important role in the incorporation of HOCs into the aquatic food web. The lipophilicity of HOCs results in an enhanced... 

Phytoplankton play an important role in the accumulation of HOCs in aquatic food webs, but equilibrium-based equations have not adequately modeled this process. In addition to presenting three additional factors that can influence accumulation, this chapter demonstrates the importance of considering the kinetics of accumulation. 

The model applies equilibrium partitioning to estimate chemical concentrations in phytoplankton, macrophytes, zooplankton, and benthic invertebrates. Chemical concentrations in sediment and water, along with environmental and trophodynamic information, are used to quantify chemical concentrations in all aquatic biota. This model can be applied to many aquatic food webs and relies on a relatively small set of input parameters which are readily accessible. 

Campfens, J. and D. Mackay. 1997. Fugacity-based model of PCB bioaccumulation in complex aquatic food webs. Environ. Sci. Technol. in press. 

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