Applications of Toxicology into Green Chemistry Initiatives

6 APPLICATIONS OF TOXICOLOGY INTO GREEN CHEMISTRY INITIATIVES 

REACH is the European Commission s regulatory system for chemicals produced and used in industry. REACH stands for Registration, Evaluation, Authorization, and Restriction of Chemicals and was enacted into law June 1,2007. This relatively new system aims to increase the collective knowledge of industrially important chemicals, protect human health, and promote environmental sustainability. REACH is committed to obtaining these goals while conserving resources and respecting animal 

REACH is currently in the process of implementation. Part of the REACH strategy includes shifting a substantial amount of the chemical safety responsibilities from public authorities to manufactures. Registration deadlines are determined by the amount of a compound a company manufactures per year. For example, the deadline for substances produced at greater than or equal to 100 tons per year is June 2012, while the deadline for those produced at 1 ton or more per year is June 2018. 

Safety information is also required of manufacturers according to the amount produced per year. High quantity producers must submit a Chemical Safety Report (CSR) that includes key information such as intended uses of the compound, exposure and risk assessments based on these uses, and risk management strategies to lessen the risks. This information is used to create accurate safety data sheets (SDSs) and labels. Downstream users must alert manufacturers of their intended uses so that they may be included in the initial assessments, or they must perform their own assessments. Additionally, downstream users and smaller manufacturers must incorporate the safety information and risk reduction strategies identified by upstream manufacturers. 

Compounds classified as mutagens, carcinogens, or reproductive toxins of high concern must gain special authorization from The Commission before commercial use. This authorization is also required for compounds shown to be especially persistent in the environment, bioaccumulative, or toxic (PBT compounds). Authorization is awarded if proper containment protocols are demonstrated that significantly lessen the risk associated with these compounds of concern or if external circumstances make replacement of the compound unfeasible. 

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