Emulsion application

Emulsifiers are used in many technical applications. Emulsions of the oil-in-water and the water-in-oil type are produced on a large scale in the cosmetic industry. Other fields of employment are polymerization of monomers in emulsions and emulsification of oily and aqueous solutions in lubricants and cutting oils. In enhanced oil recovery dispersing of crude oil to emulsions or even microemulsions is the decisive step. 

In industrial applications, emulsions are often obtained by exerting a crude stirring, made of a very complex combination of extensional and shearing flows. To study and understand the fragmentation process, the flow must be simplifled before... 

Uses For dentifrice applications, emulsion polymerization, and pharmaceutical preparations. 

In large-scale industrial applications, emulsion polymerization is carried out in kettles that have adequate means of agitation and are equipped with reflux condensers. If one of the monomers is a gas or a low-boiling liquid, the polymerization is performed in a closed system capable of sustaining the pressure developed as a consequence of the increased temperature. An interesting method to control the temperature is to start with only a part of the batch in the kettle after the reaction has started and the liberated heat of the reaction has caused an increase of the temperature of the kettle content, additional cold monomer emulsion or water is gradually added to keep the temperature at the desired level. 

Application. Emulsion paints can be applied by brush, roller, dipping, inundation, and spraying. A wide range of qualities of emulsion paints with tailor-made properties can be produced from the available binders, thickeners, and auxiliaries. 

The third difficulty concerns application. Emulsions are intrinsically difficult to apply by any method (except, perhaps, spraying), since they have the viscosity of a solvent (the continuous phase). They are too fluid for brushing or dipping, for example. It therefore becomes necessary to raise the viscosity, either with thickener additives, or by use of resinous materials soluble in the continuous phase. The latter convert the continuous phase to a polymer solution, thus increasing its viscosity and therefore that of the paint. In either case, the material added to increase the viscosity must be compatible in the paint, or poor gloss and film integration will result. 

Uses Gellant, emulsifier, and stabilizer in food, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications, emulsions and low pH systems stabilizer in paper and textile industries... 

Outlined in Tab. 5-4 are applications, emulsion characteristics, and physical properties of the styrene acrylic emulsion vehicles used in flexo and gravure ink. An emulsion vehicle comprises 25 to 35 % of the total ink formula. The table is sorted by... 

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