Application methodological guidance

Methodological guidance for deriving transfer metrics for post-application exposure scenarios in agricultural settings when the treated surface of interest is not foliage, e.g. soil. 

The scope of this book is to provide a practical knowledge and guidance in the understanding of prevention and mitigation principals and methodologies from the effects of hydrocarbon fires and explosions. The Chemical Process Industry (CPI), presents several different concerns that this book does not intend to address. However the basic protection features of the Hydrocarbon Process Industry (HPI) are also applicable to the chemical process industry and other related process industries. 

It is not the intention of the CCPS to endorse one particular method, hut to present guidance on the various options and applications available. However, structured methodologies that seek out multiple underlying sys-tems-related causes of an incident and provide the mechanisms for determining and correcting system faults are generally most useful in the broad spectrum of activities in the industry. 

Fortunately, well-developed methods exist for assessing the risks posed by chemicals to humans and the environment. The focus of this book is on the description of the existing risk assessment methodologies for human health. New developments in these methodologies will also be described. Throughout the book, the emphasis will be on international harmonization, and the application of test methods and guidance documents developed by international expert groups. The book only... 

The emphasis in this chapter is on the fruitful methodology of PIV techniques that emerge in the recent publications instead of the detailed discussions on any individual research topic of the measurement target of PIV. The purpose is to provide an overall instructive introduction and guidance to the PIV techniques and its applications particularly in the research field of multiphase flows. To this end, fruitful examples of PIV measurements of free-surface liquid flows, bubbly flows, particle-laden multiphase flows, etc., are elucidated. 

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