Mildew: apple powdery

Hickey, K.D., and Yoder, K.S. 1981. Field Performance of sterol-inhibiting fungicides against apple powdery mildew in the mid-Atlantic apple growing region. Plant Dis. 65 1002-1006. 

Herrington PJ, EC Hislop, NM Western, KG Jones, BK Cooke, SE Woodley and AC Chappie, 1981. Spray factors and fungicidal control of apple powdery mildew. In ESE Southcombe (ed.), Application and Biology. Proceedings of a Symposium held at the University of Reading, Berkshire 7th-9th January 1985. British Crop Protection Council, BCPC Monograph No. 28, Croydon, UK, 1985, 289-298. 

This active substance is also specifically effective only against powdery mildews, but its range of action is much wider than that of the other known members of the hydroxypyrimidine group. It is most effective against apple powdery mildew Podosphera leucotricha), cucurbit (Erysiphe cichoracearum) and rose (Sphaero-theca pannosa) powdery mildews. 

Nitrothal-isopropyl, diisopropyl-5-nitroisophthalate, (27) is not systemic, but is a fungicide of specific activity against apple powdery mildew. It is used in combination (sulfur, zineb). This fungicide is of low toxicity to mammals, bees and earthworms. The acute oral is 6400 mg/kg for rats for the formulated product (50% a. i.) (Phillips et al., 1973 Archer, 1979). 

Fenbuconazole (Table 17.11) is a triazole fungicide intended for use as an agricultural and horticultural fungicide spray for the control of leaf spot, yellow and brown rust, powdery mildew and net blotch on wheat and barley and apple scab, pear scab and apple powdery mildew on apples and pears. Fenbuconazole was already presented to the public in 1988 by Driant et al. [43]. 

Hiickelhoven R, Kogel KH (2003) Reactive oxygen intermediates in plant-microbe interactions who is who in powdery mildew resistance Planta 216 891-902 Hurtado AQ, Critchley AT, Trespoey A, Bleicher-L Honneur G (2006) Occurrence of Polysiphonia epiphytes in Kappaphycus farms at Calagas Is., Camrines Norte, Philippines. J Appl Phycol 18 301-306... 

The blast disease of rice caused by Piricularia oryzae has been shown to be controlled by a 7.5 g/hectare spray of aureofungin, four times at 12 days interval(30).Powdery mildew of apples caused by Podosphaera leucotricEa can be effectively handled with aureofungin. Seed-borne infection... 

Albaconazole (UR 9825) 1172 <1998JME1869> and fluquinconazole 1173 are used as antifungals, while proqui-nazid 1174 has high activity against powdery mildew diseases of cereals, grape and apple <2006H(68)561>. 

A sodium arsenate spray gives the best control of powdery mildew of cucumber, and is also effective against American mildew of gooseberry, and apple mildew.7... 

Sulfur-Based Pesticides. Sulfur (elemental) has been used as an effective acaricide, fungicide, and insecticide. For ease of use, a number of special formulations are available, ranging from sulfur dusts (up to 95% sulfur) a wettable powder (30 to 90%) and paste-like solutions in which the sulfur is ground to a fine colloidal form. Such formulations may contain up to 50% sulfur. Target plant diseases of sulfur when used as a fungicide include apple scab, brown rot. downy and powdery mildew, and peach scab. Against insects, sulfur is effective for mite, scale, and tJirip. Most formulations are not injurious to honeybees. 

Uses as fungicide to control scab on apples and pears rusts and powdery mildews on ornamentals black spot on roses ... 

Uses as fungicide to control powdery mildews of apples and pears, stone fruit, strawberries, gooseberries, vines, roses and other ornamentals, cucurbits, hops, beet, and other crops, etc. 

Uses as fungicide for control of powdery mildews in fruit, vines, and vegetables scab and rust in apples and pears ... 

Penthiopyrad [218,219] is a new carboxamide fungicide under development by Mitsui Chemicals that shows good activity against Botrytis, powdery mildew, and apple scab. 

Control of scab, powdery mildew, mildew, scald, net blotch, glume blotch on apples, pears, vines, cucurbits, Sugarbeet, cereals, vegetables... 

Pests and disease problems on apple trees are covered in the Apple entry beginning on page 21. Crab apples share many of the same problems, including fire blight, cedar-apple rust, powdery mildew, and apple scab. Ibr-tunately, disease-resistant cultivars are available. Some of the best include Adams , with reddish pink flowers Coral Cascade , with white flowers Prarifire , with purplish red flowers and Professor Sprenger , with white flowers. There are also many other resistant cultivars, so check with your local nursery owner or extension agent to learn about the best ones for your area. 

Flowever, fungi are responsible for some common garden plant diseases, including powdery mildew, damping-off, late blight, apple scab, and corn smut. 

For example, both apples and cucumbers can suffer from powdery mildew. Podosphaera leucotricha is the organism that causes powdery mildew on apple, while Sphaerotheca fuliginea is the one that causes powdery mildew on cucumber. Armed with the knowledge that the fungus that causes powdery mildew on apples is different from the one that causes powdery mildew on cucumbers, you know that you need not worry about mildew spreading from your apple tree to your cucumber plants, or vice versa. 

There are probably some diseases that are so common in your area that you will know you can expect them (although seasonal weather variations will determine its severity eaeh year). Apple scab reliably appears on susceptible cultivars of apples in the Northeast, and powdery mildew just as relia-... 

Protection Offered Sulfur can be purchased alone or mixed with other insecticides and inorganic fungicides to control a wide variety of garden pests. Use sulfur as an insecticide to control insects and mites on fruit trees and citrus. You can also use sulfur as a protectant fungicide. It is effective against apple scab, brown rot of stone fruits, powdery mildews, rose black spot, rusts, and other plant diseases on many crops, including grapes, potatoes strawberries, and tomatoes. 

---