Apoptosis cell culture

The events which occur prior to the death of short-term cultures have been referred to as the process of cellular aging, or apoptosis. Whether in vitro cellular aging is due to an inherited genetic program, or whether in vitro aging is simply a consequence of an imperfect cell culture environment is a matter of controversy. The possibility that the cellular aging which occurs in vitro resembles cellular aging in vivo is unresolved. 

Apoptosis of cultured hmnan endometrial adenocarcinoma cells and inhibition of cell proliferation (Miyoshi et al.,... 

Tanshinones isolated from the dried root of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge abrogated the survival of P388 lymphocytic leukemia cells cultured in vitro. Tanshinone I and tanshinone IIA showed 86.76 and 56.05% cell inhibition, respectively, at a dose of 25 pig/mL) (54). Dihydrotanshinone I and cryptotanshinone were relatively cytotoxic (55). Dihydrotan-shinone I induces cell growth anest during the S phase and, subsequently, apoptosis. 

Palozza, P. Serini, S. Di Nicuolo, R et al. 2004a. Beta-carotene exacerbates DNA oxidative damage and modifies p53-related pathways of cell proliferation and apoptosis in cultured cells exposed to tobacco smoke condensate. Carcinogenesis 25 1315-1325. 

Antidepressant treatment has, in recent studies, been shown to upregulate the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) response element binding protein (CREB) cascade and expression of BDNF [59]. This upregulation of CREB and BDNF raises the possibility that antidepressant treatment could oppose the cell death pathway, possibly via increased expression of the oncogene Bcl-2. Studies are necessary to determine if antidepressant treatment increases Bcl-2 expression. Increased expression of Bcl-2 in brain and cultured cells, and inhibition of apoptosis of cultured cerebellar granule neurons have been reported with lithium treatment [57]. Mice lacking the BDNF TrkB receptor fail to show behavioral and neurogenic responses to antidepressants. 

Fig. 9.8 Apoptosis of HEK293 cells induced by SWCNTs. Bl DNA electrophoresis of cells cultured with 25g/ml SWCNTs for 1-5 days, M molecular marker, no. 1-5 denote the results of cells cultured for day 1-5, respectively B2 DNA electrophoresis results of control cells cultured for day 1-5 C the cell cycle distribution of HEK293 cells cultured with 25 lg/ml SWCNTs for 4 days, the percentage of sub-Gl cells (apoptosis cells) was 43.5%. (Grunlan et al., 2000. With permission from Elsevier) (See Color Plates)...

The contribution of oxysterols to the cytotoxicity of oxidized LDL is likely, but it is to be noted that oxysterol concentrations necessary to trigger apoptosis in cultured cells are much higher than that reported in toxic concentrations of oxidized LDL and in atherosclerotic plaques (Brown and Jessup, 1999). This could be due to a synergistic effect of the different toxic molecules brought by the oxLDL. 

EscargueU-Blanc, 1., Meilhac, O., Pieraggi, M.T., Amal, J.F., Salvayre, R., and Negre-Salvayre, A., 1997, Oxidized LDLs induce massive apoptosis of cultured human endothelial cells through a calcium-dependent pathway. Prevention by aurintricarboxyhc add, Arterioscler. Thromb. Vase. Biol. 17 331-339. 

Li, D., Saldeen, T., and Mehta, J.L., 2000b, Effects of alpha-tocopherol on ox-LDL-mediated degradation of IkappaB and apoptosis in cultured human coronary artery endothelial cells, /. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol 36 297-301. 

Singh AV, Xiao D, Lew KL, Dhir R, Singh SV. (2004) Sulforaphane induces caspase-mediated apoptosis in cultured PC-3 human prostate cancer cells and retards growth of PC-3 xenografts in vivo. Carcinogenesis 25 83-90. 

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