Chinese herbs

Chinese Herbal Medicines. Many traditional Chinese medicines have been screened for radioprotective activity in experimental animals. In one study of more than a thousand Chinese herbs, a number of agents increased the survival rate of dogs exposed to a lethal dose of y-rays by 30—40%, and some symptoms of radiation injury were ameHorated. These effects are potentially related to stimulation of the hemopoietic and immune systems (130). Extracts of five Chinese dmg plants, as weU as aspirin, effectively protected mice exposed to 7.5—8.0 Gy (750—800 rad) of y-radiation, and increased survival rates by 8—50% (131). Several Chinese traditional medicines, adininistered ip before or after irradiation, protected against Hpid peroxidation in a variety of mouse tissues, including BM, Hver, and spleen, as weU as in mouse Hver microsomal suspensions irradiated in vitro (132). 

Generalising the research into polysaccharides isolated fi om Chinese herbs Yamada (22)concludes that most biological activities are observed in the case of pectic polysaccharides. Besides, results prove that the complementarily active power of these pectins is represented mainly through the branched regions and the activity is regulated by the polygalacturonic regions. 

McRae CA et al. (2002) Hepatitis associated with Chinese herbs. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 14(5) 559-562... 

Hsieh MT, Peng WH, Wu CR, Wang WH. The ameliorating effects of the cognitive-enhancing Chinese herbs on scopolamine-induced amnesia in rats. Phytother Res 2000 14 375-377. 

Gu L, Xinchu W. Antioxidant activity and components of Salvia plebeia R. Br—a Chinese herb. Food Chem 2001 73 299-305. 

Wang J, XiaoX and Li G. 2008. Study of vacuum microwave-assisted extraction of polyphenolic compounds and pigment from Chinese herbs. J Chromatogr A 1198-1199 45-53. 

When nano LC is combined with mass spectrometer detection, attamole detection can be achieved for low abundance components in biological fluids, drug metabolites, and natural products such as Chinese herb medicines. Nano LC-MS-MS has become an essential tool for complex biological and drug metabolite studies. Nano LC-MS presents two significant differences from conventional analytical HPLC (1) large enhancement factor for sample detection and (2) direct interface to MS without flow splitting. The enhancement in MS ion counts relative to a conventional 4.6 mm ID column is proportional to the ratio of the square of the column diameter ... 

The Chinese pharmacopoeia is extensive. Some of the active ingredients from Chinese herbs have been used in Western drugs for example, reserpine... 

Huang, KC. (1998). The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. Boca Raton, FL CRC Press. 

Lee KC, Cheuk MW, Chan W, Lee AW, Zhao ZZ, Jiang ZH, Cai Z (2006) Determination of glucosinolates in traditional Chinese herbs by high-performance liquid chromatography and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 386 2225-2232... 

The Chinese are considered as leaders in using natural products for healing. The oldest compilation of Chinese herbs is Shen Nung Pen Ts ao, which lists 385 materials. Pen Ts ao Ma catalogue, written by Li-Chen during the Ming Dynasty, (1573—1620) mentions 1898 herbal drugs and 8160 prescriptions. 

Which one of the following statements is true of the Chinese herb ma huang Ephedra sinensis) ... 

Chinese hamster ovary cells overexpressing the prolactin receptor, was active . Protein synthesis stimulation. Sterol fraction of the extract, in cell culture at a concentration of 25 (xg/mL, produced weak activity on CA-LNCAP. A concentration of 50 (xg/mL was active on CA-PC3 h PSA production inhibition. Ethanol (70%) extract of PC-SPES (a Chinese herb combination of chrysanthemum, dyers woad, licorice, reishi, san-qi ginseng, rabdosia, saw palmetto, and baikal skullcap), in cultured prostate cancer cell line at variable doses for 24 hours, produced a significant effect in supressing cell growth in all the cell lines h... 

D., Vereerstraeten, P., and Vanherweghem, J.L. (2000) Urothelial carcinoma associated with the use of a Chinese herb (Aristolochia fangchi). New Engl J Med 342 1686-1692. 

Ephedrine is found in the ephedra plant (Ephedra sinica— the Chinese herb Ma Huang). It is used as a nasal decongestant... 

ILs have been used to separate and determine the purity of anthraqui-nones. Rapid and sensitive determination of anthraquinones in Chinese herb using l-butyl-3-methylimidazolium-based IL with p-cyclodextrin (p-CD) as a modifier in CZE was provided by Qi et al. [49]. Successful separation and identification of four anthraquinones of Paedicalyx attopevensis Pierre ex Pitard extracts has been achieved. In the running electrolyte the anthraquinones may associate with the imidazolium ions or with the p-CDs. They may be entirely or partly embedded in the cavity of the p-CDs, so the association with the free imidazolium ions in the bulk solution was weak and those analytes, that were not embedded in the cavity of the p-CDs had rather stronger association with the imidazolium ions in the system. The mechanism of separation is illustrated in Figure 6.6. 

Qi, S., Ding, L., Tian, K., Chen, X., and Hu, Z., Novel and simple nonaqueous capillary electrophoresis separation and determination bioactive diterpenes in Chinese herb, /. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 40, 35-41, 2006. 

Yan Wenmei Chinese Herb Medicine Communication 12, 1978, 1 (Chinese)... 

Kombucha Green tea with Kombucha and Chinese herbs... 

Ishihara K, Kashida H, Yuzurihara M, et al. Interaction of drugs and Chinese herbs pharmacokinetic changes of tolbutamide and diazepam caused by extract of Angelica dahurica. J Pharm Pharmacol 2000 52 1023-1029. 

Wang Z, Roberts JM, Grant PG, Colman RW, Schreiber AD. The effect of a medicinal Chinese herb on platelet function. Thromb Haemost 1982 48 301-306. 

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