Antioxidant influx

The antioxidant ethoxyquin (94) is conceptually similar to (88) in that it contains a benzene ring with two heteroatoms in a 1,4-relationship, one of which lies in a dihydroaromatic ring. This compound was reported to inhibit the release of LO products from rat ISN, although it was more potent against CO [244]. Orally-dosed ethoxyquin inhibited cell influx in a rabbit hydronephrotic kidney model [245], and was anti-inflammatory in guinea-pig UV erythema [246]. No relationship was drawn between these activities and 5-LO inhibition. 

Pacht ER, DeMichele SJ, Nelson JL, et al. Enteral nutrition with eicos-apentaenoic acid, gamma-linolenic acid, and antioxidants reduces alveolar inflammatory mediators and protein influx in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. Crit Care Med 2003 31 491-500. 

Further experiments were carried out comparing the relative protective action of quercetin, epicatechin, and chlorogenic acid. It was concluded that while the antioxidant activity of quercetin had a role to play in protection of the lens against oxidative damage, other mechanisms must also be contributing, since inhibition of opacification and Ca influx did not correlate with antioxidant activity, it was likely that protection... 

The study showed that ( )-a-bisabolol prevented the ethanol-induced increase of MDA, showing its antioxidant activity. The substance increased the SOD activity and the dismutation of superoxide anion and it prevented the reduction in CAT activity. (—)-ot-Bisabolol also reduced the influx of neutrophils in the gastric lesions. In agreement with the findings mentioned in the previous study, the pathway of nitric oxide is not related to the effect, because the substance did not significantly modify the nitrite levels. 

The chemopreventive activity of hibiscus extracts has been extensively studied recently. The protective effect was demonstrated against human carcinomas, chemically induced toxicity,and hepatotoxici-jy 11,21-27 Antimutagenic activity has also been demonstrated both in vitro and in vivo The chemopreventive activity is attributed mainly to the antioxidant effect of the anthocyanins present in hibiscus extracts. Roselle decoction or infusion reportedly has hypotensive properties with no side effects. This effect has been investigated in more depth in experimental animals and in humans over the past decade and the results seem to support earlier studies especially in mild to moderate hypertension. Suggested mechanisms of action for the hypotensive activity include inhibition of Ca influx into vascular smooth muscle, NO-cGMP-relaxant pathway, and possible acetylcholine-and histamine-like vasorelaxation. ... 

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