Anticancer agents 5-fluorouracil

Giannola L, Stefano V, Caro V. White beeswax microspheres a comparative in vitro evaluation of cumulative release of the anticancer agents fluorouracil and ftorafur. Pharmazie 1993 48 123-126. 

In addition to the usual intravenous or oral routes, some anticancer agents have been administered by regional intraarterial perfusion to increase drug delivery to the tumor itself and at the same time diminish systemic toxicity. Thus, patients with metastatic carcinomas of the liver and little or no disease elsewhere (a common occurrence in colorectal cancer) can be treated with a continuous infusion of fluorouracil or floxuridine through a catheter implanted in the hepatic artery. 

M. Malet-Martino, P. Jolimaitre, R. Martino, The prodrugs of 5-fluorouracil, Curr. Med. Chem. Anticancer agents 2 (2002) 267-310. 

Flucytosine (5-FC) was discovered in 1957 during a search for novel antineoplastic agents. Though devoid of anticancer properties, it became apparent that it was a potent antifungal agent. Flucytosine is a water-soluble pyrimidine analog related to the chemotherapeutic agent fluorouracil (5-FU). Its spectrum of action is much narrower than that of amphotericin B. 

Prior to 1975, discussions of fluonnatcd pharmaceuticals focused mainly on anti-inflammatory steroids, antipsychotic phenothiazines, and 5-fluorouracil and its derivatives as anticancer agents [/ 2] During the past 25 years, and especially in the last decade, fluonnated dmgs have been marketed for the treatment of a wide variety of diseases This section wdl focus on those presently marketed drugs where the presence of fluorine has produced significant therapeutic advantages... 

Squalamine has been tested in mammary, ovary, and lung cancer xenograft mouse models [20,23-26]. Results sho ved that squalamine alone had a modest effect on tumor growth delay and in some cases it resulted in decreased number of lung metastases. However, in most studies, squalamine treatment was more efficacious when combined with previously established anticancer agents such as cyclophosphamide, cisplatin, carboplatin, paclitaxel, 5-fluorouracil, or genestein, or with radiation therapy. 

High-dose therapy with certain chemotherapeutic agents, including cytosine arabinoside, cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and 5-fluorouracil, has been implicated in conjunctivitis. However, it appears that low-dose therapy with the anticancer agent tamoxifen is infrequently associated with anterior segment toxicity. 

Several uracil derivatives have been developed as drugs. Thus, methyl-thiouracil and propylthiouracil are thyroid inhibitors Bucolome is an antiinflammatory and Uramustine (Uracil Mustard), Fluorouracil, and its masked compounds are anticancer agents. Aminometradine and Amiso-metradine are used clinically as diuretics, and Urapidil and Ketanserin are used as antihypertensives (Scheme 5). 

Ghorab MM, Zia H, Luzzi LA. Preparation of controlled release anticancer agents I 5-fluorouracil—ethyl cellulose microspheres. / Microencapsul 1990 7(4) 447-454. 

Perhaps the use of HCN or its kin could be regarded as some sort of primitive chemotherapy, as compared with modem and generally accepted orthodox practices such as the injection of the chanical called 5-FU or 5-fluorouracil as an anticancer agent this chemical is also snfflciently poisonous in its own right. One of the questions to be answered is whether HCN and its kin are specific to cancer, whereas synthetic chemicals such as 5-FU are known to be nonspecific, indiscriminately... 

The drug fluorouracil is used as an anticancer agent. It irreversibly inactivates the enzyme thymidylate synthase. Explain how this treatment retards the growth of tumor tissue. Will the growth of normal cells be affected as well ... 

Fluorouracil (5-FU) is an anticancer agent possessing a pyrimidine skeleton. 5-FU was synthesized in 1956 and its anticancer activity was reported subsequently [6,7]. As a result of the incorporation of 5-FU in the assimilation pathway as a pyrimidine base, 5-FU shows anticancer activity by inhibiting the biosynthesis of nucleic acids. 

In the present study, water soluble poly(ethyleneimine) derivatives containing uracil, thymine, 5-fluorouracil, hypoxanthine, cytosine, and adenine were prepared and their interactions with polynucleotides, such as poly(A), poly(U), poly(C), poly(I) in natural aqueous solution were investigated. As 5-fluorouracil is known as a famous anticancer agent, it seems to be interest to study the interaction of the polymer containing 5-fluorouracil unit with polynucleotides. The bioactivity of the polymer complex of nucleic acid analogs with polynucleotides will be reported... 

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