Anti-bacterial properties

Tamarind fruits are reported to have anti-fungal and anti-bacterial properties (Ray and Majumdar, 1976, Guerin and Reveillere, 1984, Bibitha et al, 2002, Metwali, 2003, and John et al, 2004, all cited in (5)). According to Al-Fatimi and collaborators 11), in an agar diffusion assay, extracts from T. indica flowers showed antibacterial activity against four bacteria tested Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa). Antimicrobial activity of T. indica study has been attributed to lupeol (Ali et al, 1998, cited in 11)). 

BOPP FILM WITH ANTI-BACTERIAL PROPERTY... 

This article points the spotlight at Komax Industrial of South Korea, one of the largest Korean producers of household goods. The company is the first in Korea to produce containers which have anti-bacterial properties - Bio Tanks - which are used to store water for longer-than-usual periods. Information is also provided about these, and other Komax products. 

In the 1930s, Howard Florey and Ernst Chain worked with a team of scientists at Oxford University in Britain. Ernst Chain discovered an earlier paper by Alexander Fleming on the anti-bacterial properties of penicillin. 

There are some sulphonamides which essentially differ from the basic sulphonamide nucleus, but do possess anti-bacterial properties. A few such typical examples belonging to this type of compoimds are dealt with below ... 

Modifying the surfaces of plastics to impart specialized properties is also likely to he a growing area. Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) has recently been surfece treated with silver compounds to impart anti-bacterial properties which remain... 

Glass-ionomers are known to have strong anti-bacterial properties when newly placed [57], a feature which is attributed to the combined effects of their low early pH and their ability to release fluoride in an early burst shortly after forming [58]. These effects have been confirmed for glass-ionomer endodontic sealers [59], but anti-bacterial effects were transient, and had disappeared after 24h. This contrasts with zinc oxide-eugenol canent, which has been shown to maintain its anti-bacterial... 

Studies have confirmed that addition silicones are biocompatible at the root apex [64], though they lack anti-bacterial properties. They therefore rely on providing a high-quality seal in order to prevent bacterial colonization of the sterile pulp chamber. 

The epoxy sealer AH26 Plus has been shown to have reasonable anti-bacterial properties [43]. In a comparative study of several different types of endodontic sealer, it was found to be as effective as Grossman s sealer in reducing the number of cultivable cells of Enterococcus faecalis. By contrast, the calcium hydroxide sealers Apexit and Sealapex were not effective at aU in reducing the number of these cells. 

The sulfonamide anti-bacterials, which, soon after their discovery in the late 1930s, seemed to reinforce the one-group one-action hypothesis, ended by dealing it a mortal blow. It soon became evident that the presence of a sulfonamide group would not introduce anti-bacterial properties unless the other conditions (such as para substitution) for fitting the enzyme-receptor were observed (see Section 9.3.1). If these conditions were met, the sulfonamide group could be replaced by a different group of similar polarity. For example,... 

Due to the anti-bacterial property of nisin, it was used as safe food preservation in over 50 countries around the world, particularly in dairy products, canned foods, plant protein foods, and cured meat. Investigators from multiple fields have shown promising results for the use of nisin to treat bacterial infections, such as mastitis in humans and cows (Cao et al., 2007 Fernandez et al., 2008 Wu et al., 2007), Staphylococcus aureus infections in atopic dermatitis (Valenta et al., 1996), respiratory tract infections (Bush and Macielag, 2000 De Kwaadsteniet et al., 2009), and experimental gingivitis in dogs (Howell et al., 1993). Since nisin is safe for human consumption as a food preservative, its translation into a clinical setting may be facUltated. 

Ramie is a relative of Nettle and has been similarly used throughout history. A native of China, it is essentially a cloth fibre used as a substitute for cotton. It is also said to have anti-bacterial properties. 

H.S. Salapare III, G.Q. Blantocas, W.L. Rivera, V.A. Ong, R.S. Hipolito and H.J. Ramos, Anti-bacterial property of hydrogen-ion and oxygen-ion treated polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) materials. Plasma Fusion Res., 6,2406043 (2011). 

The anti-fungal and anti-bacterial properties of l,2-benzisothiazol-3(2ff)-ones has caused much synthetic activity to be focused upon them and two new routes have been published this year, from the O-acylhydroxylamines (297) and the sulphinylbenzamides (298). As one would expect, spirocyclic benzo-thiazolines are readily prepared from o-aminothiophenols and cyclic... 

Creosote and chromated copper arsenate (CCA) have been widely used as preservatives for antibacterial treatment of wood. In spite of their excellence in this property, they have some drawbacks in toxicity. Therefore, less toxic and environmentally-benign chemicals are expected to be used. Quaternary alkylammonium salts are, thus, one of the candidates for the anti-microbial treatment of wood. In this study of wood-inorganic composites, trimethoxysilylpropyldimethyloctadecyl ammonium chloride (TMSAC), shown below, was used as a property enhancer to add an anti-bacterial property to wood (Tanno, 1997). 

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