Ando method

The so-called Ando method [21, 22] also provides access to a Z-alkene, as illustrated in Scheme 1.8 [23], where >99% Z-selectivity was obtained using... 

Bulky R groups on the phosphonate e.g. (R0)2P(0)-CH(-)-R Bulky R groups adjacent to the carbanion e.g. (R0)2P(0)-CH(—)-R Use of a-fluoro phosphonates Use of bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl) phosphonates (Still-Gennari modification) Use of cyclic phosphonates such as 8 Use of (diarylphosphono)acetates (Ando method)/ excess Na+ ions... 

Wyttenbach T, Bowers MT (2003) Gas-Phase Confirmations The Ion Mobility/Ion Chromatography Method. 225 201-226 Yamaguchi H, Harada A (2003) Antibody Dendrimers. 228 237-258 Yamamoto M,see Ando T (2004) 239 51-96... 

An alternative protocol for labeling sulfhydryl-containing proteins that does not require DTT reduction can be found in a method adapted from Ando (1984). When preparing any fluorescently labeled protein, optimization of the dye-to-protein ratio is important to obtain the best performance in the intended application. 

Secondary isotope effects are small. In fact, most of the secondary deuterium KIEs that have been reported are less than 20% and many of them are only a few per cent. In spite of the small size, the same techniques that are used for other kinetic measurements are usually satisfactory for measuring these KIEs. Both competitive methods where both isotopic compounds are present in the same reaction mixture (Westaway and Ali, 1979) and absolute rate measurements, i.e. the separate determination of the rate constant for the single isotopic species (Fang and Westaway, 1991), are employed (Parkin, 1991). Most competitive methods (Melander and Saunders, 1980e) utilize isotope ratio measurements based on mass spectrometry (Shine et al., 1984) or radioactivity measurements by liquid scintillation (Ando et al., 1984 Axelsson et al., 1991). However, some special methods, which are particularly useful for the accurate determination of secondary KIEs, have been developed. These newer methods, which are based on polarimetry, nmr spectroscopy, chromatographic isotopic separation and liquid scintillation, respectively, are described in this section. The accurate measurement of small heavy-atom KIEs is discussed in a recent review by Paneth (1992). 

Ando, K., Ikeda, H., Yamamoto, K., and Sagami, F., Dose (concentration)-response analysis of drug-induced QT interval prolongation in conscious monkeys (JPMA QT prodact), /. Pharmacol. Toxicol. Methods, 49, 220, 2004. 

Static charge-density susceptibilities have been computed ab initio by Li et al (38). The frequency-dependent susceptibility x(r, r cd) can be calculated within density functional theory, using methods developed by Ando (39 Zang-will and Soven (40 Gross and Kohn (4I and van Gisbergen, Snijders, and Baerends (42). In ab initio work, x(r, r co) can be determined by use of time-dependent perturbation techniques, pseudo-state methods (43-49), quantum Monte Carlo calculations (50-52), or by explicit construction of the linear response function in coupled cluster theory (53). Then the imaginary-frequency susceptibility can be obtained by analytic continuation from the susceptibility at real frequencies, or by a direct replacement co ico, where possible (for example, in pseudo-state expressions). 

In this chapter we explore several aspects of interferometric nonlinear microscopy. Our discussion is limited to methods that employ narrowband laser excitation i.e., interferences in the spectral domain are beyond the scope of this chapter. Phase-controlled spectral interferometry has been used extensively in broadband CARS microspectroscopy (Cui et al. 2006 Dudovich et al. 2002 Kee et al. 2006 Lim et al. 2005 Marks and Boppart 2004 Oron et al. 2003 Vacano et al. 2006), in addition to several applications in SHG (Tang et al. 2006) and two-photon excited fluorescence microscopy (Ando et al. 2002 Chuntonov et al. 2008 Dudovich et al. 2001 Tang et al. 2006). Here, we focus on interferences in the temporal and spatial domains for the purpose of generating new contrast mechanisms in the nonlinear imaging microscope. Special emphasis is given to the CARS technique, because it is sensitive to the phase response of the sample caused by the presence of spectroscopic resonances. 

K. Murakami, K. Yamada, K. Deguchi, T. Shimizu and S. Ando, Preparation of soluble polyimide/MgO nanohybrid films by in situ hybridization method and evaluation of their thermal conductivity. J. Photopolym. Sci. Technol, 2010, 23,501-506. 

For an improved method, see Ando Tsumaki Synth. Commun. 1983, 13, 1053. 

For reviews of the photolysis method, see Rcgitz Maas Diazo Compounds-, Academic Press New York, 1986, pp. 185-195 Ando, in Patai, Ref. 160, pp. 458-475. 

Protamine sulphate (from herring sperm) [9007-31-2] (a]p -85.5 (satd H2O). A strongly basic protein (white powder) with pKa values of 7.4-8.0 used to ppte nucleic acids from crude protein extracts. It dissolved to the extent of 1.25% in H2O. It is freely soluble in hot H2O but separates as an oil on cooling. It has been purified by chromatography on an IRA-400 ion-exchange resin in the SO form and washed with dilute H2SO4. Eluates are freeze-dried under high vacuum below 20°. This method is used to convert proteamine and protamine hydrochloride to the sulphate. [UV Rasmussen Z physiol Chem 224 97 1934, Ando and Sawada J Biochem Tokyo 49 252 1961, Felix and Hashimoto Z physiol Chem 330 205 1963]... 

An alternative protocol for labeling sulfhydryl-containing proteins that does not require DTT reduction can be found in a method adapted from Ando (1984). 

We thank Mr. I. Ando for SHG measurement with the powder method and Dr. T. Hori and Dr. M. Furukawa in Rigaku Corp. for X-ray crystallography. 

So far, we have investigated higher-order structure of polypeptides by solid-state high-resolution NMR not only using experimental but also theoretical methods[2-4]. The chem cal shifts can be characterized by variations in the electronic states of the local conformation as defined by the dihedral angles(4>,W). Ando et al. have calculated contour map for the Cp carbons of an alanine dipeptide by using the FPT INDO method within the semi-empirical MO framework. The calculated map reasonably predicts the experimental version. This shows that the chemical shift behavior of the L-alanine residue Cp-carbonyl carbons in the... 

Tsujie, M., Isaka, Y., Ando, Y., Akagi, Y., Kaneda, Y., Ueda, N., Imai, E. and Hori, M. (2000). Gene transfer targeting interstitial fibroblasts by the artificial viral envelope-type hemagglutinating virus of Japan liposome method. Kidney Int. 57, 1973-1980. 

The taxonomic distribution of Type II pheromones has been previously reviewed in some detail (Millar, 2000 Ando et al., 2004), and so I will focus only on the main patterns and trends, along with a discussion of more recent findings. The reader is also cautioned that these patterns and trends are heavily biased by the fact that the identification of lepidopteran pheromones has not been conducted methodically. Rather, species that are of economic importance have been most intensively studied for example, pheromones or sex attractants are known for hundreds of tortricid species, whereas few or no pheromones at all have been identified for members of other families (Ando et al., 2004). 

C. Zevenbergen, L.P. Van Reeuwijk, G. Frapporti, R.J. Louws, R.D. Schuiling, A simple method for defluoridation of drinking water at village level by adsorption on Ando soils in Kenya, Sci. Total Environ. 188 (1996) 225-232. 

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