And toxicologic damage

In order to minimise the possible toxicity and damage to humans and the environment arising from the production and appHcations of colorants, an international association, the Ecological and Toxicological Association of the Dyestuff Manufacturing Industry (ETAD), was estabUshed in 1974. 

Introduction The inherent nature of most chemicals handled in the chemical process industries is that they each have physical, chemical, and toxicological hazards to a greater or lesser degree. This requires that these hazards be contained and controlled throughout the entire life cycle of the facility, to avoid loss, injury and environmental damage. The provisions that will be necessary to contain and control the hazards will vary significantly depending on the chemicals and process conditions required. 

This includes data obtained from laboratory studies of chemical reactions, plant and material damage, and animal and human toxicology from field studies of air quality and vegetation and ecosystem effects and from population exposures. In all such studies, irrespective of the method used, the measurement of oxidants is based on a standardized source of ozone. 

Toxicology. Aldrin is a convulsant in animals it causes liver and kidney damage and hepatocellular tumors. 

Toxicology. Allyl chloride is an irritant of the eyes, mucous membranes, and skin chronic exposure may cause toxic polyneuropathy. In animals it causes renal, hepatic, and pulmonary damage and, at high concentrations, central nervous system depression. 

Toxicology. Bromodichloromethane is a central nervous system depressant and causes damage to the liver and kidneys it is carcinogenic in experimental animals. 

Toxicology. p-tert-Butyl toluene is an irritant of the mucous membranes, a central nervous system depressant and may cause cardiovascular and hematologic disturbances chronic exposure in animals causes lung, brain, liver, and kidney damage. 

Toxicology. Chlorobenzene is irritating to the skin and mucous membranes it can cause central nervous system depression and liver and kidney damage. 

Toxicology. Decalin is an irritant of the eyes and mucous membranes in animals it causes species- and sex-specific kidney and liver damage. 

Toxicology. 1,2 -Dichloroethylene central nervous system depression at high concentrations liver, lung, and heart damage have been reported in animal studies. 

Toxicology. Diphenylamine causes kidney and liver damage in animals. 

Toxicology. Epichlorohydrin is a severe irritant of skin, eye, and respiratory tract. Repeated or prolonged exposure can cause lung liver and kidney damage. It is a direct-acting mutagen and is carcinogenic in experimental animals. 

Toxicology. Ethylene dibromide (EDB) is a severe mucous membrane, eye, and skin irritant. It is a testicular toxicant and causes liver and kidney damage it is carcinogenic in experimental animals. 

Toxicology. Fenthion is an anticholinesterase agent and may also cause delayed neurotoxicity and ocular damage. 

Toxicology. Methyl chloride is a central nervous system depressant it may cause kidney and liver damage, and it is a reproductive toxin and a teratogen in experimental animals. 

Toxicology. 2-Methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl (MMT) causes central nervous system effects and liver, kidney, and pulmonary damage in animals. 

Toxicology. In animals, nitroethane is a respiratory irritant and, at high concentrations, it causes narcosis and liver damage methemo-globin has been reported after ingestion by humans. 

Toxicology. Nitrotoluene has a low potency for producing methemoglobin and subsequent anoxia. Chronic exposure to other aromatic nitro compounds has caused anemia, and it is expected that nitrotoluene may cause the same effect. Animal data suggest a potential for hepatic, renal, and reproductive damage. 

Toxicology. Picric acid causes sensitization dermatitis absorption of large amounts causes liver and kidney damage. 

Toxicology. Pyridine is an irritant and a central nervous system depressant ingestion may cause liver and kidney damage. 

Toxicology. Thioacetamide can cause liver and pulmonary damage it is carcinogenic to experimental animals. 

Toxicology. Vinylidene chloride (VDC) causes central nervous system (CNS) depression at high levels, and repeated exposure to lower concentrations results in liver and kidney damage in experimental animals. 

The current pharmacological and toxicological age includes the use of computers to investigate molecular environments and predict the activity of a proposed molecule before it is laboriously synthesized by humans or before it can cause irreparable damage to an organism or ecosystem. 

Lag, M., Soderlund, E.J., Brunborg, G, Dahl, J.E., Holme, J.A., Omichinski, J.G, Nelson, S.D. Dybing, E. (1989a) Species differences in testicular necrosis and DNA damage, distribution and metabolism of l,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane (DBCP). Toxicology, 58,133-144... 

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