And subjective experience

Stprsrud, S., Hulthen, L. R., and Lenner, R. A. (2003a). Beneficial effects of oats in the gluten-free diet of adults with special reference to nutrient status, symptoms and subjective experiences. Br. J. Nutr. 90,101-107. 

Harborne GC, Watson FL, Healy DT, Groves L. 1996. The effects of sub-anaesthetic doses of ketamine on memory, cognitive performance and subjective experience in healthy volunteers. J Psychopharmacol 10 134-140. 

Becker, H. S. History, culture and subjective experience An exploration of the social bases of drug-induced experiences. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 1967, 8, 163-176. 

In less severe cases of diarrhea and in other diseases of less severe character the findings of the quantitative composition of the fractions are normal or only insignificantly different from normal values. Significant, however, are the qualitative changes. During the disease the values of the denaturation capability can become still less favorable, and children who have overcome the disease are released from the clinic with a deviation of the quality of proteins still discernible. The persistence of these qualitative deviations determines objectively the time of reconvalescence, which formerly used to be established on the basis of anamnestic data and subjective experience of the physician. 

A weighting is designed for low-intensity sounds. Its application to environments with moderate or high sound intensities leads to an increased level of mismatch between objective measurement and subjective experience. For practical purposes, most control rooms can be considered a low sound-intensity environment for which A weighting is appropriate. For moderate and high-intensity environments, C weighting should be used. 

Micellar structure has been a subject of much discussion [104]. Early proposals for spherical [159] and lamellar [160] micelles may both have merit. A schematic of a spherical micelle and a unilamellar vesicle is shown in Fig. Xni-11. In addition to the most common spherical micelles, scattering and microscopy experiments have shown the existence of rodlike [161, 162], disklike [163], threadlike [132] and even quadmple-helix [164] structures. Lattice models (see Fig. XIII-12) by Leermakers and Scheutjens have confirmed and characterized the properties of spherical and membrane like micelles [165]. Similar analyses exist for micelles formed by diblock copolymers in a selective solvent [166]. Other shapes proposed include ellipsoidal [167] and a sphere-to-cylinder transition [168]. Fluorescence depolarization and NMR studies both point to a rather fluid micellar core consistent with the disorder implied by Fig. Xm-12. 

The perfumers of the early twentieth century were delighted to be able to use a perfectly van ill a-like product in their compounds, but one that was at least a hundred times stronger than vanilla. Thus began what was subsequently called sophisticated perfumery. For many years a perfumery culture and language based on the experience and subjectivity of a few individual experts has developed and thrived (see Perfumes). 

We examined the role of vector percolation in the fracture of model nets at constant strain and subjected to random bond scission, as shown in Fig. 11 [1,2]. In this experiment, a metal net of modulus Eo containing No = 10" bonds was stressed and held at constant strain (ca. 2%) on a tensile tester. A computer randomly selected a bond, which was manually cut, and the relaxation of the net modulus was measured. The initial relaxation process as a function of the number of bonds cut N, could be well described by the effective medium theory (EMT) via... 

The method, obviously, is subjective, the precision and speed of the match depending upon the observer and his experience. Results on foods have usually been expressed in terms of color disks, which are different for each product and which must be carefully standardized. [Conversions to standard colorimetric systems of notation can be made (12), provided suitable colorimetric data are available for the disks used.] Furthermore, instruments suitable for the most precise work by this method are not at the present time commercially available. 

In preparing this book and ensuring its completeness and the correctness of the subjects reviewed, use was made of the authors worldwide personal, industrial, and teaching experiences that total over a century, as well as worldwide information from industry and trade associations.. ... 

To answer the question whether the ds-transisomerization of the bridged polypeptides with a Ala-Gly-Pro sequence represents the rate-determining step, the following experiment was carried out The polypeptide with a chain length n = 8 was denaturated in a rapid reaction with a temperature jump from 9.2 to 30 °C and subjected to renatura-tion at 9.2 °C after an incubation time of 25 s. In a second and a third experiment, the incubation in the coiled state was prolonged respectively to 75 and 125 s. It could be observed that the amplitude of the rapid phase depends on the time that lapses between the denaturation and renaturation (Fig. 32). 

Pain can be defined as an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience that is associated with actual or potential tissue damage. Pain is subjective, and the patient s report of pain should always be taken seriously. Pain management in acute and chronic illness is an important responsibility of the nurse Many nurses consider pain as the fifth vital sign and assessment of pain just as important as the assessment of temperature, pulse, respirations, and blood pressure Accurate assessment of pain is necessary if pain management is to be effective Fhtients with pain are often undertreated. 

While brain serotonin systems may play a key role in mediating some of the effects of MDMA on analgesia and body temperature as well as in the reported anxiolytic-like and mood-altering subjective effects of the drug, additional neurotransmitter systems may contribute to some of the unique subjective experiences reported for MDMA and other drugs in this class. 

While the participants are waiting to be dressed for the smdy, a Field Scientist can obtain vital information on the test subject such as weight, height, age, and work experience, which may not have been obtained previously. 

O Pain is an unpleasant subjective experience that is the net effect of a complex interaction of the ascending and descending nervous systems involving biochemical, physiologic, psychological, and neocortical processes. 

Note on notation Relations from breakup, coalescence, fragmentation, and aggregation are based on either actual experiments or numerical simulations, the latter commonly referred to as computer experiments. Computer experiments are often based on crude simplifying assumptions and actual experiments are always subject to errors the strict use of the equality sign in many of the final results may therefore be misleading. In order to accurately represent the uncertainty associated with the results, the following notation is adopted ... 

Awad, A.G. et al. (1995). Patients subjective experiences on antipsychotic medications implications for outcome and quality oflife. Int. Clin. Psychopharmacol, 10(3), 123-32. 

Concerns about psychotropic side effects, which can vary cross-culturally, often lead to premature cessation of psychotropics. This may be related to different propensities for and values placed on somatic experiences in different cultures. Transcultural research indicates that patients from non-Western cultures are more likely to present with predominantly somatic symptoms of psychiatric disorders (Ng, 1997 Parker, Gladstone 8c Chee, 2001), as cultural explanatory models and social demands may serve to bias information processing in the various domains of subjective experience (Angel 8c Thoits, 1987). Several studies have shown that the perception and reporting of side effects are influenced by cultural beliefs... 

The most common physiological effects of placebos are those that are associated with changes in subjective experience. When placebo stimulants make people feel energized and alert, for example, they also increase their blood pressure and heart rate,... 

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