Analysis placenta

Analysis of Biological Samples 14.8.8.1 Human Placenta Sample... 

R. Sata, H. Ohtani, M. Tsujimoto, H. Murakami, N. Koyabu, T. Nakamura, T. Uchiumi, M. Kuwano, H. Nagata, K. Tsukimori, H. Nakano, and Y. Sawada. Functional analysis of organic cation transporter 3 expressed in human placenta. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 315 888-895 (2005). 

Batorfi, J., Ye, B., Mok, S.C., Cseh, I., Berkowitz, R.S., and Fulop, V., Protein profiling of complete mole and normal placenta using ProteinChip analysis of laser capture microdissected cells, Gynecol. Oncol., 88, 424-428, 2003. 

Serum alkaline phosphatase elevations have been reported following administration of salt-poor albumin (B5). Placenta is very rich in a heat-stable alkaline phosphatase, and albumin prepared from placental blood has a high activity of this enzyme. In one cirrhotic patient who received 1-6 units per day of albumin obtained from pooled human blood and/or human placenta, the alkaline phosphatase before infusion was 5 Bodansky units and by the thirteenth day of administration had reached a value of 160 units. The physician administering the albumin at first thought the patient was having a severe toxic liver reaction and stopped the therapy. The alkaline phosphatase then started to go down and within 10 days returned to normal levels. Analysis of the albumin indicated that it contained 470 units of alkaline phosphatase activity and was probably responsible for the observed elevations in the serum enzyme activity. Albumin prepared from venous blood did not cause an alkaline phosphatase elevation, but placenta-albumin caused elevations with a half-life of about 8 days (Ml). 

Tilgmann C, Kalkkinen N. Purification and partial sequence analysis of the soluble catechol-Cometh 1 transferase from human placenta Comparison to the rat liver enzyme. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 1991 174 995-1002. 

Out of this concept grew the cardinal idea of carrier mediated transport. Necessary for this was the development of a more coherent theoretical analysis built upon the general notion of facilitated diffusion. The major insight here came from Widdas who proposed in 1952 that carrier mediated transport would explain earlier data such as the transport of glucose across the sheep placenta, as well as his own observations on glucose entry into the erythrocyte. There were three assumptions made in developing this quantitative hypothesis ... 

Schecter et al. (1996b) recently presented data on the levels of CDDs and CDFs in human fetuses (8-14 weeks gestational age with placenta removed) and in placentas from women from the general population who had normal deliveries. On a lipid basis, the total TEQs (CDDs plus CDFs) in a pool of 14 placentas was 10.1 ng/kg half this amount (5. 3 ng/kg) was measured in a pool of 10 fetuses. In an analysis of 43 samples of human milk, Schecter et al. (1996b) found that the total concentration of CDDs and CDFs was 16.7 ng/kg (expressed as TEQ). The authors also calculated that the TEQ body burden for the pooled fetal tissue was 0.034 ng/kg body weight for pooled placentas, they calculated a total TEQ of... 

Martmez D, Challacombe J, Morgenstem I et al (2009) Genome, transcriptome, and secre-tome analysis of wood decay fungus Postia placenta supports unique mechanisms of ligno-cellulose conversion. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 106 1954-1959... 

Eaton BM, Oakey MP. Image analysis of protein profiles from paired microvillous and basal syncytiotrophoblast plasma membranes from term human placenta and characterization of IgG binding to membrane vesicles. Placenta 1997 18(7) 569-76. 

In a study of maternal drug use by Kintz and Mangin, hair samples were collected from neonates with confirmed in utero exposure to heroin. Morphine was present in all samples in a concentration range similar to previous reports based on analysis of hair from adults. Codeine was also present in aU samples, but in low concentration. Maternal hair was not tested. Urine samples were also collected and tested for opioids. Four (44%) samples were positive for morphine and 6-AM. The data indicate that drug and/or drug metabolite is transferred to the fetus through the placenta and retained in hair. 

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