Analysis of triacylglycerols

Nova-Pak C18 column in a methanol water chloroform gradient.92 Choline chloride was added to the mobile phase. One review of techniques used in the analysis of triacylglycerols lists over 300 references on separations of the triglyceride fraction of fats using nonaqueous RPLC, aqueous RPLC, argen-tation chromatography, and other chromatographic methods.93... 

Breckenridge, W. C. 1978. Stereospecific analysis of triacylglycerols. In Handbook of Lipid Research, Vol. I Fatty Acids and Glycerides. A. Kuksis (Editor). Plenum Press, New York pp. 197-232. 

Myher, J.J., Kuksis, A., Gehr, K., Park, P.W. and DiersenSchade, D.A. (1996) Stereospecific analysis of triacylglycerols rich in long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids. Lipids, 31, 207—215. 

Mottram, H.R. (1999) The Application of HPLC-APCI MS to the Regiospecific Analysis of Triacylglycerols in Edible Oils and Fats. PhD thesis, Department of Chemistry, University of Bristol, UK. Movia, E. and Remoli, S. (1977) Application of enzymic hydrolysis to determine the genuineness of butter., Bollettino dei Chimici dei Laboratori Provinciali, 3, 187-192. 

Andrikopoulos, N.K. 2002. Chromatographic and spectroscopic methods in the analysis of triacylglycerol species and regiospecific isomers of oils and fats. Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr. 42, 473-505. 

Shen, Z. and Wijesundera, C. 2006. Evaluation of ethanolysis with immobilized Candida antarctica lipase for regiospecific analysis of triacylglycerols containing highly unsaturated fatty acids. /. Am. Oil Chem. Soc., 83, 923-927. 

Pure organic mobile phases, e.g., mixtures of hexane and methanol, dioxane, or isopropanol, are readily compatible with LC-APCI-MS. Because some users dislike the use of hexane, ethoxynonafluorobutane has been suggested as an inflammable alternative [91]. Nonaqueous RPLC with a propionitrile-hexane solvent gradient in combination with positive-ion APCI was performed in the LC-MS analysis of triacylglycerols (TAGs) [92] (Ch. 21.3.1). Another example is the LC-MS analysis of polychlorinated -alkanes on bare silica and with chloroform as the mobile phase [93]. Under these conditions, chloride-enhanced APCI can be applied to generate [M+C1] adduct ions, which suppresses the loss of Cl from the polychlorinated -alkanes. 

Laakso P, Voutilainen P. Analysis of triacylglycerols by silver-ion high-performance liquid chromatography-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization spectrometry. Lipids 1996 31 1311-22. 

Analysis of triacylglycerol composition of margarines by 13C NMR Characterization of hydrogenated fats for margarine manufacturing purposes... 

Gidden, J., Liyanage, R., Durham, B. and Lay, J.O. Jr., Reducing fragmentation observed in the matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometric analysis of triacylglycerols in vegetable oils. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom, 21 (2007) 1951-1957. 

Reid Asbury, G., Al-Saad, K., Siems, W.F., Hannan, R.M. and Hill, H.H. Jr., Analysis of triacylglycerols and whole oils by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry, J Am Soc Mass Spectrom, 10 (199) 983-991. 

Becker, C.C., Rosenquist, A., and Holmer, G. 1993. Regiospecific analysis of triacylglycerols using aUyl magnesium bromide. Lipids 28 147-149. 

Cossignani, L., et al. 1994. Incorporation of n-3 PUFA into hen egg yolk lipids. II. Structural analysis of triacylglycerols, phosphatidylcholines and phosphatidylethanolamine, Ital. J. Food Set, 3, 293. 

Pasha, M. K. and Ahmad, F. (1992) Analysis of triacylglycerols containing cyclopropene fatty acids in Sterculia foetida (Linn.) seed lipids. J. Agric. Food Chem., 40, 626-9. 

Laakso, P. and Kallio, H. (1996) Optimization of the mass spectrometric analysis of triacylglycerols using negative ion chemical ionisation with ammonia. Lipids, 31, 33-42. 

Marai, L., Myher, J. J. and Kuksis, A. (1983) Analysis of triacylglycerols by reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography with direct liquid inlet mass spectrometry. Can. J. Biochem. Cell Biol, 61, 840-59. 

Fig. 5. The stereospecific analysis of triacylglycerols. (From Gurr and James, 1980, reproduced by permission of Associated Book Publishers Ltd.)...

Mottram, H.R., Evershed, R.P. (1996) Structure analysis of triacylglycerol positional isomers using atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation mass spectrometry. Tetrahedron Letters, 37,8593-8596. 

The chapter has examined advantages of TLC, definitions, structure, occurrence, function, sample preparation, sorbents, mobile phases, usual modes of development, and detection procedures for lipids. Although a discussion of 2-D lipid analysis has been provided, mention was not made of the newer technique of multiphase TLC, in which components are separated in two different directions according to different parameters, e.g., conventional silica gel in one direction and reversed phase in the other direction. Ritchie and Jee (143) have used this technique for the analysis of triacylglycerols. 

Laakso, R Analysis of triacylglycerols — Approaching the molecular composition of natural mixtures. Food Rev. Int. 12, 199 (1996)... 

Y. M. Weng, R. H. Weng, C. Y. Tzeng, and W. L. Chen, "Stmctural analysis of triacylglycerols and edible oils by near-infrared Fourier transform Raman spectroscopy," Applied Spectroscopy, vol. 57, pp. 413-418, 2003. 

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