Anaerobic testing

Collomp and associates,52 using a Wingate Anaerobic Test, found that caffeine did not affect maximal anaerobic capacity or power in six untrained subjects. Bond et al.29 found no differences in peak anaerobic... 

Direct Black 38 Granulated anaerobic sludge mixed culture The dye was degraded and decolorized throughout the experimental period of 300 h. The batch anaerobic tests indicated that once reduced environments were established with glucose, decolorization occurs even at high dye concentrations [181]... 

Candler, J.E., Lee, B., Rahke, S.P., Gefliff, J.M., Stauffer, R. and Hein, J. (2000) Modification of a standard anaerobic test to discriminate performance of various non-aqueous based fluids. SPE 61203 SPE International Conference on Health, Safely, and the Environment in Oil and Gas Exploration and Production, 26-28 June 2000, Stavanger, Norway, Society of Petroleum Engineers, Richardson, TX, pp. 20. 

Samples were then taken from the sludge and placed in the BioEK reactors (Figure 3). The reactors were modified to allow aeration of sludge. Electric dc fields of 4, 8, and 16 volts, which reflect 0.28, 0.57, and 1.14 V/cm dc electric fields, respectively, were applied. These electric field strengths were less than those used in the anaerobic tests, which makes it easier to control the environmental changes, such as pH, produced by electrolysis. Initial testing conditions are summarized in Table 1. 

M.-L. Loke, S. Jespersen, R. Vreeken, B. Halling-S0rensen, J. Tjomelund, Determination of oxytetracycline and its degradation products by LC-MS-MS in manure-containing anaerobic test systems, J. Chromatogr. B, 783 (2003) 11. 

It is quite obvious that test conditions within the same test method must be standardized on an international basis in order to obtain comparable results. Such requirements have only been partially realized up until now. Especially with anaerobic testing, there is still a situation where the number of available and generally accepted tests is very small and further developments and agreements are necessary for the simulation of anaerobic digestion in waste-water treatment plants. It cannot be ignored that this treatment step also decides the fate of a considerable amount of surfactants in our environment. 

Recently, Min et al. [29,30] have developed a new fiber optic probe to measure oxygen in the gas phase of anaerobic test tubes within just a few seconds. The main advantages of the HBOD are (i) use of nondiluted samples, (ii) faster exertion of oxygen demand (the test is completed in 2 or 3 days), and (iii) a reduced sample preparation time. In addition, HBOD test precision is typically much better than that obtained in a BOD test. 

Human exercise studies have used 2 to 13 g of potassium and magnesium D or L aspartate. They employed exercise endurance (aerobic and anaerobic) testing... 

Anaerobic tests generally follow biodegradation by measuring the increase in pressure and/or volume due to gas evolution, usually in combination with gas chromatographic analysis of the gas phase [83, 84]. Most aerobic standard tests apply continuous aeration the exit stream of air can be directly analysed continuously using a carbon dioxide monitor (usually infrared detectors) or titrimetrically after sorption in dilute alkali. The cumulative amount of carbon dioxide generated, expressed as a percentage of the theoretically expected value for total conversion to CO2, is a measure for the extent of mineralisation achieved. 

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