Amperometric detection biogenic amines

It is used in IC systems when the amperometric process confers selectivity to the determination of the analytes. The operative modes employed in the amperometric techniques for detection in flow systems include those at (1) constant potential, where the current is measured in continuous mode, (2) at pulsed potential with sampling of the current at dehned periods of time (pulsed amperometry, PAD), or (3) at pulsed potential with integration of the current at defined periods of time (integrated pulsed amperometry, IPAD). Amperometric techniques are successfully employed for the determination of carbohydrates, catecholamines, phenols, cyanide, iodide, amines, etc., even if, for optimal detection, it is often required to change the mobile-phase conditions. This is the case of the detection of biogenic amines separated by cation-exchange in acidic eluent and detected by IPAD at the Au electrode after the post-column addition of a pH modiher (NaOH) [262]. 

Pre-column OPA derivatization was also employed to analyze biogenic amines prior to MEKC separation on a PDMS chip [654]. Pre-column OPA derivatization and MEKC were also performed on a glass chip to analyze amino acids. Usually, OPA was used for fluorescent detection. However, in this report, amperometric detection was used as the OPA derivatives were also electroactive. Voltage (needed for separation) programming was used to decrease the migration time of late migrating species [655]. 

A replaceable C disk electrode (two-electrode system) was used for end-column amperometric detection of biogenic amines. The electrode was inserted through a guide tube and was 30 5 [tm away from the capillary exit. This configuration allowed easy replacement of the electrode, especially after biofouling. The electrode was situated at a central position to maximize coulombic... 

The minimum limit of detection for the biogenic amines using conventional amperometric electrochemical detectors is generally considered to be in the range of 10-100 pg (Patthy and Gyenge, 1984). A relatively new development in electrochemical detection is the use of... 

De Borba, B.M. Rohrer, J.S. Determination of biogenic amines in alcohohc beverages by ion chromatography with suppressed conductivity detection and integrated pulsed amperometric detection. J. Chromatogr. A, 2007,1155,22-30. 

Dionex Corporation (2007) Dionex Application Note No. 182 Determination of Biogenic Amines in Alcoholic Beverages by Ion Chromatography with Suppressed Conductivity and Integrated Pulsed Amperometric Detections. Dionex... 

Favaro, G., Pastore, P, Saccani, G. and Cavalli, S. (2007) Determination of biogenic amines in fresh and processed meat by ion chromatography and integrated pulsed amperometric detection on Au electrode. Food Chem., 105,1652-1658. 

Pastore, R, Favaro, G Badocco, D. etal. (2005) Determination of biogenic amines in chocolate by ion chromatographic separation and pulsed integrated amperometric detection with implemented wave-form at Au disposable electrode. J. Chromatogr. A, 1098, 111-115. 

Carelli, D., D. Centonze, C. Palermo, M. Quinto, and T. Rotunno. 2007. An interference free amperometric biosensor for the detection of biogenic amines in food products. Biosensor. Bioelectron. 23 640-647. 

Compagnone, D., G. Isoldi, D. Moscone, and G. Palleschi. 2001. Amperometric detection of biogenic amines in cheese using immobilised diamine oxidase. Anal. Lett. 34 841-854. 

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