Ammonium hydrate

Table 21.2. Crystal data for some tetra-n-butyl and tetra-iso-amyl ammonium hydrates [774]... 

Ammonia and aU other amines, NR3, are bases. A solntion of ammonia in water is mildly alkaline (pHb = 4.75). Ammonia dissolves readily in water (1.176m at 273 K, 0.702 m at 298 K in IL of water) under evolntion of heat (AH = —37.1 kJmol ). Hydrogen bonds are formed between water and ammonia. Two hydrogen-bonded ammonium hydrates have been isolated, NH3 H2O (m.p. 194.15 K) and 2NH3 H2O (m.p. 194.32K). In the solid state, both compounds have a three-dimensional extended hydrogen bond network. 

In this work, porous silicon was platinized by the electrochemical deposition from a diamine nitrite solution prepared with the use of platinum chloride as a precursor [3,4]. Because of slight solubility, ammonium hydrate was added to... 

Ammonia, solution of Ammonia ammonia water ammonium hydrate aqua ammonia liquor of ammonia spirits of hartshorn water of ammotia. 

For this the easiest method is to use potassium ferrocyanide and sponge or spray it with a dilute solution of iron sulphate or use copper sulphate and sponge or spray with ammonium hydrate. If we use acetate of cobalt—then this when heated gives a very similar result. 

Put some ammonia liquid. i.e. ammonium hydrate— commonly called ammonia in a flask and boil as shown in Fig. 12, allowing the gas that is given off to pass over quicklime or solid caustic potash in order to dry it. 

By passing Cl through excess of ammonium hydrate solution. If ammonia be not maintained in excess, the Cl reacts with the ammonium chloride formed, to produce the explosive nitrogen chloride. 

Nitrogen iodide—Nl,—395—When iodine ia brought in oontaet with ammonium hydrate eolution, a duk brown or falaoik powder,... 

Ammonium hydrate greenish ppt. soluble in excess not formed in presence of ammoniacal salts. 

Potash or ammonium hydrate voluminous, red-brown ppL insoluble in excesa... 

Bismiithous Hvdrate—BiH,0,—261—is formed os a white precipitate when potash or ammonium hydrate is added to a cold solution of a Bi salt When dried, it loses H,0 and is converted into bi muihyl hydrate... 

Ammonium hydrate white ppt. insoluble in excess turns olive-brown when the liquid is boiled,... 

Ammonium hydrate, from neutral solutions brown ppL soluble in exoesa ... 

Ohloride—AgCl 143.4—formed when HCl or a chloride is sdded to a solution oontaining silver. It is white turns violet and black in sunlight volatilixes at 260° (500 F.) sparingly soluble in HCl soluble in solutions of the alkaline chlorides, hyposulphides, and cyanides, and in ammonium hydrate. 

Ammonium Hydrate—CausHc ammonia— NH,HO—35—has never been isolated, probably owing to its tendexuy to decomposition NH.HO = NH, H,0. It is considered as existing in the so-called aqueoqs solutions... 

Ammonium Nitrate—dminonit nifros (V, S.)—(NH,)NO,—80—is prepared by neutralizing HNO with ammonium hydrate or carbonate. It oryatallizes in flexible, anhydrous, six-sided prisms very soluble in H,() with considerable diminution of temperature fuses at (S02 F.), and decomposes at SIO (410 F.), with formation of nitrous oxide (NH,)NO, = N,0 + 2 H,0 If the heat be suddenly applied or allowed te surpass 250 (482 F.), NHj, NO, and N,0 are formed. When fused it is an active oxidant... 

Ammonium hydrate voluminous, white ppt from neutral solu-... 

Ammonium hydrate apple-green ppt. soluble in excess, forming a violet solution which depots the apple-green hydrate when heated... 

Ammonium hydrate blue ppt turns red in aboenoe of aiT green in its presence. ... 

Ammonium hydrat in absence of air n colorless liquid turns blue in air. 

Ammonium hydrate, in small quantity pale blue ppt. in larger quantity, deep blue aolution. 

A) Ammonium hydrate white ppt soluble in great excess and in olutions of NH, salto. 

Monochlormethyl chloride—Metkene chloride—Dichloromethane— Methylene chloride Chloromethyl—OH,Cl,Cl—85—is obtained by the action of Cl upon CH,C1 or by shaking on alcoholic solution of chloroform with powdered zinc and a little ammonium hydrate. In either case the product must be purified. 

Vapor of CHCt when passed through a red-hot tube, is decomposed with formation of HC3 and Cl, the former of which is recognized by the production of a white ppt, soluble in ammonium hydrate, in tm acid solution of silver nitrate. This test does not afford reliable results when the eubstance tested contains a foee acid and chloridea... 

They are also known as compound ammonias, and resemble ammonia in their chemical propearties unitum with acida without elimination of H O, to form salts resembling those of ammonium. They also combine with H O to form quaternary ammonium hydrates, mmilar in constitution to ammonium hydrate. The alkalinity and solubility in H O of the primary monaminesare greater than those of the secondary, and those of the second-arr greater than those of the tertiary. Their chlorides form sparingly soluble compounds with platinic chloride. 

Tetramethyl ammonium hydrate—(CH,) N,OH—91. -This substance, whose constitution is similar to that of ammonium hydrate, is obtained by decomposing the corresponding iodide, (CHJ NI, formed by the action of methyl iodide upon trimethylamine. It is a cr -stalline solid deliquescent veiy soluble in H,0 caustic not volatile without decom-position. It attracts carbon dioxide from the air, and combines witli acids to form crystallizable salts. 

These subetances are derived firom a double molecule of NH or of ammonium hydrate, by the subetitution of tbe diatomic radicala of tbe glyeola (hydrocarbons of the series C H, ) for an equivalent number of H atoms. They are dlstingii ed from the oorreeponding compounds of the Hdioals of the monoatomia alcobola, the monaminefl by the desigBation of diamines. 

Analytical Chakactebs.—Uric arid may be recognized by its ciystalline form and by tbe murexid test. To apply this test the substance is moistened with HNO, which is evaporated nemly to dryness at a low temperature the cooled residue is then moistened with ammonium hydrate. If uric acid be present, a yellow residue— sometimes pink or red wCen the uric acid was abundant—remains after the evaporation of the HNO, and this, on the addition of tbe alkali, assumes a rich purplish-red color. 

Murexlde — Ammomum purpuratc—0,H (NH )NjO,—U produced by oxidation of uric acid, of aUoxan, and of a number of other derivatives of uric add with subsequent contact of ammonium hydrate. It is sup-... 

Gives A green color, poeeing to brown, with fewio chloride end Ammonium hydrate ... 

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