Ammonium carbonate chloride

Photolytic. Low et al. (1991) reported that the photooxidation of a saturated solution of atrazine by UV light in the presence of titanium dioxide resulted in the formation of ammonium, carbonate, chloride, and nitrate ions. Evgenidou and Fytianos (2002) also studied the photodegradation of atrazine using UV light (X >290 nm) in distilled water (pH 7.1, conductivity 456 mS/cm, dissolved oxygen 8.0 mg/L, total organic carbon 0.8 mg/L), lake water (pH 8.7,... 

Acetic acid Ammonia, ammonium carbonate, chloride, persulfate, sulfide... 

Required Toluene-/)-sulphonyl chloride, 5 g. ammonium carbonate, 10 g. 

Reaction with chlorosulphonic acid ( chlorosulphonyl-ation ). Sulphonamides. Many aryl hahdes, either alone or in chloroform solution, when treated with excess of chlorosulphonic acid afford the corresponding sulphonyl chlorides in good yield (compare Section IV.106) the latter may be readily converted into the aryl sulphonamides by reaction with concentrated ammonia solution or with sohd ammonium carbonate. 

The mixture of o- and p-toluenesulplionyl chlorides produced from toluene may be separated by cooling to — 10° to — 20° when most of the p-isomer, which is a solid, m.p. 69°, separates out. Both isomers may be easily converted (e.g., by treatment with solid ammonium carbonate or with concentrated ammonia solution) into the corresponding highly crystalline siilphonamides which may be employed for Interesting syntheses. 

Ammonium cyanide may be prepared in solution by passing hydrogen cyanide into aqueous ammonia at low temperatures. It may also be prepared from barium cyanide and ammonium sulfate, or calcium cyanide with ammonium carbonate. It may be prepared in the dry state by gentiy heating a mixture of potassium cyanide or ferrocyanide and ammonium chloride, and condensing the vapor in a cooled receiver. Ammonium cyanide is soluble in water or alcohol. The vapor above soHd NH CN contains free NH and HCN, a very toxic mixture. 

Lithium chloride [7447-41-8] M 42.4, m 600 , 723 . Crysld from water (ImL/g) or MeOH and dried for several hours at 130 . Other metal ions can be removed by preliminary crystallisation from hot aqueous 0.0 IM disodium EDTA. Has also been crystallised from cone HCl, fused in an atmosphere of dry HCl gas, cooled under dry N2 and pulverised in a dry-box. Kolthoff and Bruckenstein [J Am Chem Soc 74 2529 1952] ppted with ammonium carbonate, washed with Li2C03 five times by decantation and finally with suction, then dissolved in HCl. The LiCl solution was evaporated slowly with continuous stirring in a large evaporating dish, the dry powder being stored (while still hot) in a desiccator over CaCl2. 

AMMO 2.5 EC , cypermetlu-in, 13 Ammonia, 13 Ammonium acetate, 13 Ammonium arsenate, 13 Ammonium benzoate, 13 Ammonium bicarbonate, 13 Ammonium bifluoride, 14 Ammonium bisulfite, 14 Ammonium carbamate, 14 Ammonium carbonate, 14 Ammonium chloride, 14 Ammonium chlorplatmate, 14 Ammonium clu omate, 14 Ammonium citrate, 14 Ammonium diclu omate, 14 Ammonium fluoride, 14 Ammonium fomiate, 15 Ammonium hexafluorosilicate, 15 Ammonium hydroxide, 15 Ammonium metavanadate, 15 Ammonium molybdate, 15 Ammonium nitrate, 15 Ammonium oxalate, 15 Ammonium perfluorooctanoate, 15 Ammonium persulfate, 15 Ammonium phosphate, 15 Ammonium picrate, 16 Ammonium salicylate, 16... 

Reaction.—i. Grind up in a mortar i c.c. of sulphonic chloride with 5 grams powdered ammonium carbonate, and leare on the water-bath until the smell of the sulphomc chloiide has gone. Add water, filter, and wash, and crystallise the residue of benzene sulphonamicle from spirit, CqHjSO.CI -f 2NH4HCOJ = CoHr,SO,jNHo + 2H20- -2CO,-fNH,Cl. 

Ammonium acetate Ammonium adipate Ammonium benzoate Ammonium bicarbonate Ammonium biflluoride Ammonium binoxalate Ammonium bisulfate Ammonium bitartrate Ammonium tetraborate Ammonium bromide Ammonium carbonate Ammonium chloride Ammonium citrate Ammonium diclnomate Ammonium fluoride Ammonium fluorosilicate Ammonium gluconate Ammonium iodide Ammonium molybdate Ammonium nitrate Ammonium oxalate Ammonium perchlorate Ammonium picrate Ammonium polysulfide Ammonium salicylate Ammonium stearate Ammonium sulfate Ammonium sulfide (hydrosulfide) Ammonium tartrate Ammonium tliiocyanate Ammonium thiosulfate... 

In at least one case, the standard Bucherer-Bergs conditions gave rise to oxazole rather hydantoin. Specifically, when 5-benzyloxy-pyridine-2-carbaldehyde (11) was treated with potassium cyanide, ammonium chloride, and ammonium carbonate in boiling ethanol/water, 5-amino-oxazol-2-ol 12 was obtained. Subsequent heating of oxazole 12 with acetic acid at reflux overnight then produced the Bucherer-Bergs product, hydantoin 13. ... 

Salmiak, m. sal ammoniac (ammonium chloride). -clement, n. Elec.) sal ammoniac cell, Leclanch cell, -geist, m. aqueous ammonia, -kristall, m. (crystallized) sal ammoniac, -lakritze, /. sal ammoniac-licorice pastilles. -Idsung, /. ammonium chloride solution, -salz, n. sal volatile (ammonium carbonate) ... 

Prolonged heating of 2-butoxy-3//-azepine with ammonium carbonate in methanol produces 3H-azepin-2-amine in excellent yield.79 Lesser yields (50-55%) of the amine are also obtained from 2-(heptyloxy)-3//-azepine using ammonium acetate or ammonium chloride as the animating agent.79,229... 

Crystallization of CaCOj is highly dependent on nucleation condition. The precipitation of CaCOj in the absence or the presence of the G4.5 PAMAM dendrimer was carried out by a carbonate diffusion method similar to the method described by Addadi et al. [35]. A solution of the dendrimer with calcium chloride in 200 ml of distilled water was adjusted to pH 8.5 with aqueous NHj, and then placed in a closed desiccator containing crushed ammonium carbonate (Fig. 5). Carbon dioxide was introduced to the solution via vapor diffusion. The critical point of the appearance in the turbidity of the solution was observed at around 5 min. These solutions were kept at 30 °C under N2 for one day. The crys-... 

The use of barium sulphide as a secondary sulphidizer [4] was examined on oxidized lead ores from Sicily (BaS). The results obtained were encouraging. Sulphidization using Na2S can also be improved with the use of ammonium salts (chloride and sulphate). These reagents are used in cases where the ore contains clay minerals and calcium carbonate, which prevents suphidization due to the production of soluble calcium bicarbonate. The ammonium increases the solubility of calcium carbonate and improves sulphidization. 

The polymerization catalysts that are preferred because of their selectivity are the alkali metal (especially cesium) carbonates, tetraalkylammonium and bis(triphenylphosphoranylidene)ammonium (PPN) chlorides and bicarbonates (Table 4.2). Undesired side reactions are minimized by using relatively low (< 5% by weight) catalyst levels. Under these conditions, the fraction of cyclic oligomer was usually 5% or less and was easily removed from the desired polymer by Kugelrohr distillation. Conversions of 5 were essentially quantitative as judged by product weights and lack of detectable amounts of unreacted monomer by GPC. 

Experiment.—Finely powdered ammonium carbonate (10 g.) is thoroughly mixed in a porcelain basin with 5 g. of benzoyl chloride, by stirring with a pestle the mixture is then warmed on the water bath till the odour of the chloride has disappeared. Water is now added and the mixture is filtered with suction, washed on the funnel with water, and crystallised from the same liquid. Melting point of benzamide 128°. 

Benzenesulphonamide.—Finely powdered ammonium carbonate (10 g.) and benzenesulphonyl chloride (about 1 c.c.) are ground in a porcelain basin which is then warmed over a small flame until the odour of the sulphochloride has disappeared the mixture is well stirred meanwhile. After cooling, water is added and the product is collected at the pump, washed several times with water, and then crystallised from alcohol by adding hot water until a turbidity appears. Melting point 156°. 

The experiments described above indicated amino acids were oxidatively deaminated in liver and their a-amino groups converted to urea. A start on investigations of the mechanism of urea biosynthesis was made by Schultzen and Nenki (1869) who concluded that amino acids gave rise to cyanate which might combine with ammonia from proteins to produce urea. Von Knieren (1873) demonstrated that when he drank an ammonium chloride solution, or gave it to a dog, there was an increase in the formation of urea, without any rise in urinary ammonia. His results were consistent with the cyanate theory but did not eliminate the possibility that urea arose from ammonium carbonate which could be dehydrated to urea ... 

Cadmium carbonate is precipitated by adding excess ammonium carbonate to a solution of cadmium chloride ... 

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