Ammine complexes reduction

Dispersed Metals. Bifimctional zeoHte catalysts, principally zeoHte Y, are used in commercial processes such as hydrocracking. These are acidic zeoHtes containing dispersed metals such as platinum or palladium. The metals are introduced by cation exchange of the ammine complexes, foUowed by a reductive decomposition (21) ... 

The reduction potentials indicate that the cobalt(iii) aqua complex is unstable with respect to the cobalt(ii) state, whereas the cobalt(iii) ammine complex is... 

Further reduction and protonation of the imido group leads to the formation of a Mo(I) ammine complex (8b) in a mechanism similar to the fluoro system in the classic Chatt cycle. The Mo(I) ammine complex 8b is first reduced to the corresponding Mo(0) complex 8c at which stage the ammine ligand is exchanged with... 

On the other hand, reduction of (H20)5Cr(NC5H4X) by Ru(bpy)3 has an associated value for p of 1.1, the same as for the Co and Ru ammine complexes and therefore a similar mechanism. For other applications of Hammett LFER see Refs. 141-144. 

In similar but more complicated processes, chelated a-diimines can be formed by reaction of ruthenium(III) and osmium(III) ammine complexes with biacetyl however, reduction of the metal also occurs (Scheme 49).220 A 0-diimine complex is obtained when acetylacetone undergoes reaction with hexaammineplatinum(TV) ions in basic solution (equation 39).220... 

Controlled growth of previously deposited very small silver particles can also be performed. The procedure involves to establish first the minimum temperature at which reduction of the metal proceeds in the bulk of the solution. With the reduction of silver ammine complexes by formaldehyde, the temperature to effect reduction in the bulk of the liquid is about 310K. It has been found that metallic silver particles catalyze the reduction of the silver ammine complexes. By suspension of a silica support covered with small silver particles in a solution of Ag(NH3)7 cooling the suspension to 273 K and subsequently injection of formaldehyde, controlled growth of the silver particles can be achieved. It is interesting that the silver particles... 

The Mononuclear Carbonyls When exchanged into the zeolite as Rh(NH )jCll-z+, the rhodium ammine complex could decompose in an oxygen stream at temperatures ranging 150-350°C into a rhodium Ill-hydroxy-species with a partial reduction into diamagnetic Rh(I) and paramagnetic (less than 10%) Rhll species. 

The results with Cu - and Cu -TSMs (27) are also shown in Table III. Cu -TSM was obtained similarly to Cu -TSM using the Cu(I) ammine complex salt in the ion-exchange reaction. Cu -TSM, copper supported on TSM, was prepared by calcination and subsequent hydrogen reduction of an oligomeric cupric hydroxide intercalate, which had been obtained by precipitating the hydroxide into the interlayer spaces of TSM after the titration method developed by Yamanaka and Brindley (8). The catalytic activity of Cu -TSM is so poor as to be less than one-tenth of that of Cu -TSM, although the molar content of Cu is about twice as high. Because a weak sig-... 

The palladium catalyst supported on aluminosilicate is prepared by exchanging the surface protons of aluminosilicate with palladium-ammine complex cations, followed by washing with water, thermal decomposition, and reduction with hydrogen. This reduction easily transforms the exchanged palladiumammine complex cations into metallic palladium particles which are fine spheres and homogeneously dispersed through a cloud of the fine particles of aluminosilicate. 

The Ag+ ion is reduced by [e ] and H to Ag = 360 nm) which undergoes successive reaction with Ag to form Ag, Agj and Ag species. Pulse radiolysis is used to study the reactions of Ag atonls especially as they serve as a pool for electrons in redox reactions and the reduction " of HjO. The mechanism of reduction of Ag(I)-ammine complexes is similar to that of Ag" ". 

The Eu , Sm " ", Tm and Yb ions are reduced by [ej to the corresponding divalent ions, which are characterized by their absorption spectra - redox potential and reactivity with Co(IlD- and Ru(III)-ammine complexes The divalent ions are strong reducing agents (standard reduction potential for trivalent ion -F e -> divalent ion is = —1.7 V) and react with [OH] via electron transfer. 

---