Aminotransferases aspartate aminotransferase

Aminotransferases Aspartate aminotransferase (AST, or SCOT) Alanine aminotransferase (ALTorSGPT) Myocardial infarction Viral hepatitis... 

Hepatic Effects. Liver function tests (serum bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyl transferase) were not affected in 11 hexachloroethane-exposed workers who wore protective clothing (Selden et al. 1993). 

Cells contain different types of aminotransferases. Many are specific for a-ketoglutarate as the amino group acceptor but differ in their specificity for the L-amino acid. The enzymes are named for the amino group donor (alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, for example). The reactions catalyzed by aminotransferases are freely reversible, having an equilibrium constant of about 1.0 (AG ° = 0 kJ/mol). 

A total of 8388 observations (i.e., concentration values) from 906 patients was used for this analysis. The following covariates were investigated for a possible impact on the PK of cetuximab age, gender, race, BSA, creatinine clearance, bilirubin, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, concomitant therapy, hepatic status and renal status. 

The liver can be involved in CF. Biliary cirrhosis secondary to bile duct obstruction occurs in as many as 18% of patients, whereas fatty infiltration occurs in about 30% of patients in a pattern unrelated to nutritional status. Bile ducts may be obstructed by inspissated mucus, which may lead to focal or multilobar cirrhosis. Such hepatic involvement can occur at any age but is more common with advancing age and can lead to portal hypertension, esophageal varices, and hypersplenism. The most common laboratory abnormality associated with hepatic involvement is elevated serum hepatic isoenzymes (gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase)." ... 

Young rats treated with sodium selenite in the feed for 2 months had nodular hyperplasia at a dose of 0.2 mg selenium/kg/day. However, clinical tests of liver function (bilirubin, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and gamma-glutamyltransferase activities) showed no significant changes (Bioulac-Sage et al. 1992). Diffuse panlobular vacuolar changes were reported in rats fed sodium selenite in the diet for 8 weeks at 0.45 mg/kg/day (Chen et al. 1994). 

Several of the common enzyme measurements aimed at detecting hepatotoxicity are not specific to the liver, show a widespread tissue distribution, and are therefore affected by damage to extrahepatic tissue (e.g., alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and lactate dehydrogenase following injury to cardiac or skeletal muscles). The development of troponin assays has provided an alternative to enzyme measurements as indicators of cardiotoxicity, but not for myotoxicity here, the timing and the methods of sample collection are particularly critical for the detection of cardiac or muscle damage (see Chapter 7). 

Aminopeptidase, cytosol Aminopeptidase, leucine Aminopropyltransferase, putrescine Aminotransferase Aminotransferase, alanine Aminotransferase, aspartate Aminotransferase, glutamate-glyoxylate Aminotransferase, ornithine-keto acid Aminotransferase, serine-glyoxylate Ammonia... 

Serum activities of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and sorbitol dehydrogenase were signihcantly elevated in mice injected with PTX-2 at 100 [tg/kg or above, but glucose-... 

Complete blood counts often reveal leukocytosis with a left shift. Leukemoid reactions with up to 100,000 white blood cells per microliter may be seen, especially in children. Platelet counts may be normal or low, and partial thromboplastin times are often increased. When DIC is present, fibrin degradation products will be elevated. Because of liver involvement, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and bilirubin levels are often increased. 

In postmenopausal women taking 40 mg black cohosh extract daily for 4 months, no changes in total hepatic blood flow, bilirubin, y-glutamyltransferase, alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, serum albumin, or prothrombin time and concentration were observed (Nasr and Nafeh 2009). No changes in liver enzyme levels were observed in other studies with women taking 40 mg black cohosh daily for 3 or 4 months, or in women given single doses up to 128 mg (Bai et al. 2007 Osmers et al. 2005 van Breemen et al. 2009). 

This patient had non-spedfic symptoms and increased alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and lactate dehydrogenase activities and might have been wrongly thought to have had liver disease if muscle weakness and the increased creatinine kinase activity had been overlooked. 

In a 33-year-old man taking olanzapine 10 mg/ day aripiprazole and benzatropine were added after 2 weeks the dose of aripiprazole was increased from 5 to 10 mg/day and shortly afterwards the patient developed sweating, a raised temperature, tachycardia, and muscle rigidity, with raised alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and creatine phosphokinase (peak 3210 U/l). 

Aspartate Aminotransferase. Aspartate aminotransferase is classically considered to be a mitochondrial enzyme. In higher plant tissues, multiple molecular... 

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