Amines, nitration

Nitrations are highly exothermic, ie, ca 126 kj/mol (30 kcal/mol). However, the heat of reaction varies with the hydrocarbon that is nitrated. The mechanism of a nitration depends on the reactants and the operating conditions. The reactions usually are either ionic or free-radical. Ionic nitrations are commonly used for aromatics many heterocycHcs hydroxyl compounds, eg, simple alcohols, glycols, glycerol, and cellulose and amines. Nitration of paraffins, cycloparaffins, and olefins frequentiy involves a free-radical reaction. Aromatic compounds and other hydrocarbons sometimes can be nitrated by free-radical reactions, but generally such reactions are less successful. [Pg.32]

This change in editorial leadership has resulted, perhaps inevitably, in a change in editorial policy which is reflected in the contents of Volume 8. There has been a marked de-emphasis on the inclusion of organic parent compounds followed by an exhaustive and voluminous cataloging of azide, azido, azo, diazido, diazonium, diazo, nitro, dinitro, polynitro, hitr amine, nitrate (esters and salts), dinitrate, poly nitrate, nitroso, polynitroso, chlorate, perchlorate, peroxide, picrate, etc, derivatives — regardless of whether any of these derivatives exhibit documented explosive or energetic properties. Only those materials having such properties have been included in this volume... [Pg.3]

A discussion of nitrimines usage as energetic materials is part of the article entitled Amines Nitrated and Nitrited in Vol 1, A174-R to A178-R... [Pg.289]

Nitroxydialkylnitramines, See Hydroxydialkyl-amines, Nitrated Derivatives in Vol 7, H239-L... [Pg.347]

In addition to the Ross-Schiessler process, utilising p-CH20 and AN, the synthesis of RDX/ HMX mixts has also been reported starting with other smail molecules (Ref 7), namely, methyl-amine nitrate methylene diamine dinitrate and nitramine (NH2N02) in combination with CH20. In these reactions, the intermediate formation of Hexamine or a cyclic analog, is not necessarily established... [Pg.398]

Angeli pioneered the concept of nucleophilic amine nitration by A-nitrating aniline with ethyl nitrate in the presence of potassium or sodium metal. In this reaction a complex anion... [Pg.202]

The dehydration of the nitrate salts of some primary and secondary amines can yield the corresponding nitramine. Dimethylnitramine has been prepared in 65 % yield from the dehydration of dimethylamine nitrate in acetic anhydride to which 4 mole % of anhydrous zinc chloride has been added." The same reaction in the absence of chloride ion only generates a 5 % yield of dimethylnitramine." Some arylnitramines derived from weakly basic amines have been prepared via the addition of the amine nitrate salts to acetic anhydride. " ... [Pg.232]

Lamm Explosives. Lamm patented, in 1888 in Fr, the use of waxes, such as carnauba, as coating agents for hygroscopic ingredients of expls. He also proposed several expl mixts contg DNB in combination with K or Amin nitrates... [Pg.561]

Thermal stability of a number of cyclic and acyclic nitramines, amine nitrate salts and guanidine derivatives [34]. [Pg.184]

Another method of dehydration of the amine nitrate is based on treatment with concentrated sulphuric acid. This is used commercially in manufacturing such primary amines as nitroguanidine (p. 31). [Pg.10]

The formation of this compound may be explained by the fact that at a low temperature nitrolysis at point C (p. 88) is completed to produce amine nitrate and alcohol (or its ester), hence the formation of compound (la). [Pg.92]

Di ethanolamine)-trinitrate. See Bis (jS-nitroxyethyl)-amine Nitrate in this Encycl,... [Pg.117]

Di(2>nitroxy-iso-propyl)>amine Nitrate N,N-Di(jS nitroxy-iso-propyl)-amine Nitrate or N,N-Bis(/8-nitroxy-iso-propyl)-amine Nitrate,... [Pg.392]

Some of the more general articles on nitrated amines are given below, while other.articles are given as Addnl Refs on Amines, Nitrated... [Pg.175]

In the prepn of aliphatic nitramines, the indirect methods are preferable, as for instance, dehydration of amine nitrates with acetic anhydride. The presence of a chloride ion acts as a catalyst... [Pg.175]

Amines. Nitrated ond Njtrited, Analytical Piece dwes. Many of the procedures used for the analytical determination of amines are applicable to nitramines and nitrosamines(see Refs under Amines). Detn of the nitro-gcoup in nitramines is given in Org Analysis 2(1954X78,80, 8c 85 Addnl Refs aJI.V.Grachev, ZavodLab 12,434 (1946) CA 41,1177(1947) (Direct detn of nitres-amines) b)CJ.Ovenston CA.Parker, JSG 66, 394 5(194 CA 42,2771(1948) (Detn of nitros-amine content of propellants stabilized with sy nidi ethyldi phenyl urea) cJK. Kohlrausch, ActaFhys-Austriaca 1,292(1948) CA 42,6665(1948)... [Pg.177]

TNT, impact sensitivity-re quires fall height 170% that of TNT decomp with evoln of brn fumes at 260° d)AN 60 methyl amine nitrate 40% can be cast at 58° power by Trauzl test 121% PA 0)OpNav Rept 30-3M(l945), p 27, PBL Rept 53045(1945) and PB Rept 50394 (1946) list the following AN expls used by... [Pg.353]

EGDN — Ethylene Glycol Dinitrate MM AN — Mono Methyl Amine Nitrate AN — Ammonium Nitrate Prills FO — Fuel Oil No 1... [Pg.95]

According to Refs 3 5, the compd exhibits a tendency to polymerize sponty with expl violence. Karakuleva et al (Ref 3) suggest the use of amine nitrates to suppress this tendency and prevent the occurrence of such expins Refs 1) Bed 20,256 2) JP. Schroeder ... [Pg.274]

Di-(ethanolamine)-trinitrate see Bis QJ-nitroxy-ethyl)-amine nitrate 2 B129... [Pg.555]

Di (/3-nitraminoethyl)-ammonium nitrate see Bis (0-nitraminoethyl)-amine nitrate 2 B128... [Pg.569]

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