Acidic nitration amines

Copper alloys Ammonia/amines Nitric acid/nitrate fumes... 

Nitrations of aromatic amines often involve the intermediate formation of N-nitramines, although these are rarely seen under the strongly acidic conditions of mixed acid nitration (Section 4.5). N,2,4,6-Tetranitro-N-methylaniline (tetryl) is an important secondary high explosive usually synthesized from the nitration of N,N-dimethylaniline or 2,4-dinitro-N-methylaniline. ° The synthesis of tetryl is discussed in Section 5.14. 

CBH2(CH3XC3H5)(N02)3 mw 210.19, N 13.33% vel crysts. mp 48-5°. Prepd by mixed acid nitration at —10° of 2-acetanilido-4-ethyltoluene, return to the free amine [yel-bm plates (benz), mp 186°], and nitrous acid deamination... 

There is as yet no evidence that in the presence of sulphuric acid secondary amines lose nitric acid which would be capable of nitrating phenol. Attack by concentrated sulphuric acid, presumbaly loosens the linkage between the nitrogen atoms, leading to the expulsion of the nitronium ion NOf, which is a nitrating agent. 

Similarly, primary aromatic amines undergo complex reactions when heated with nitric acid. The amine derivatives of anthraquinone, pyridine and thiazole are exceptions the amino group in these compounds is decomposed by the nitrating mixture. This was noticed by Scholl [27], who proposed the following method for nitrating / -aminoanthraquinone ... 

Nitrate and nitrite photochemistry might also play a role in atmospheric hydrometeors. Nitrite photolysis has been shown to account for the majority of hydroxyl photoformation in irradiated fog water from a polluted site [ 14]. In addition, the generation of mutagenic and carcinogenic compounds from amino acids and amines dissolved in fog water [147] is a process that can be linked with nitrite photochemistry [20,141]. Furthermore, the formation of atmospheric nitrophenols partially takes place in aqueous solution. Reactions in the aqueous phase can account for about 30% of the atmospheric sources of mononitrophenols and for the vast majority of the dinitrophenol ones [ 148], and irradiation of nitrate and nitrite can possibly play a role in the process (see Sect. 3.2). Mono- and dinitrophenols are toxic compounds, and their occurrence in rainwater is thought to be a contributory factor in forest decline [149-151]. 

TNT 7.5, Al dust 0.5, coal 3 and chalk 0.5%. The introduction of up to 10% of hydrazine nitrate in an AN expl markedly increases sensitivity and deton rate. AN and hydrazine nitrate are prefetbably mixed together prior to the addition of other ingredients, or they may be fused, solidified and subdivided prior to such addition (Ref 80) k)An expl obtai ned by neutralization of an acidic nitrated polyol such as NG by the addition of amines or amides such as urea, especially i n the form of a melt with AN i n a eutectic mixt. The expl is stable i n storage, especially when the amine or amide is present in excess(Ref 87)... 

Nitric acid not only nitrates, but oxidizes the highly reactive ring as well, with loss of much material as tar. Furthermore, in the strongly acidic nitration medium, the amine is converted into the anilinium ion substitution is thus controlled not by the —NH2 group but by the NH3 group which, because of its positive charge, directs much of the substitution to the meta position. 

By adding nucleophilic reagents such as water, alcohols, carboxylic acids and amines to a suspension of ( )-4-iodo-l-phenylbut-l-ene and silver nitrate in benzene, the corresponding cyclopropylmethyl alcohols, ethers, esters and amines 2a-f were obtained in excellent yield. ... 

Extraction of Zn and Hg from acidic chloride solutions Extraction of U, V, W, and Mo from acidic sulfate solutions Extraction of Re from acidic nitrate solution Quaternary amines Extraction or Mo from earbonale solution... 

AMMONIUM SULPHATE (7783-20-2) H8N2O4S Noncombustible solid. Aqueous solution is a strong acid. Violent reaction with fused potassium chlorate potassium nitrite. Reacts with caustics, forming ammonia. Hot material reacts with nitrates, nitrites, chlorates. Incompatible with strong oxidizers sulfuric acid aliphatic amines alkanolamines, amides, organic anhydrides isocyanates, vinyl acetate aUcylene oxides epichlorohydrin. Mixture with sodium hypochlorite forms nitrogen trichloride, an unstable explosive material. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. 

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