Aluminum tissues

Many types of biological specimens can be analyzed for aluminum. Tissue and bone have been suggested as the specimens of choice to evaluate the true body burden [23-2S]. Since these specimens are not obtainable on a regular basis, blood aluminum levels have been analyzed to reflect a subject s aluminum burden [26-28], Most of these methods use serum or plasma as intUcator specimen. The monitoring of aluminum levels in these specimens is considered to be the most appropriate approach to ensure that aluminum toxicity problems do not develop in individual uremic or renal dialysis patients [27]. Urine samples have been analyzed for aluminum content for the biological monitoring of occupationally exposed persons. 

Hydrogen fluoride Catalyst in some petroleum refining, etching glass, silicate extraction by-product in electrolytic production of aluminum Petroleum, primary metals, aluminum Strong irritant and corrosive action on all body tissue damage to citrus plants, effect on teeth and bones of cattle from eating plants... 

Nixon277 compared atomic absorption spectroscopy, flame photometry, mass spectroscopy, and neutron activation analysis as methods for the determination of some 21 trace elements (<100 ppm) in hard dental tissue and dental plaque silver, aluminum, arsenic, gold, barium, chromium, copper, fluoride, iron, lithium, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, lead, rubidium, antimony, selenium, tin, strontium, vanadium, and zinc. Brunelle 278) also described procedures for the determination of about 20 elements in soil using a combination of atomic absorption spectroscopy and neutron activation analysis. 

The tissue-compatible microprobes represent an advance over the typical aluminum wire electrodes used in studies of the cortex and other brain structures. Researchers accumulate much data using traditional electrodes, but there is a question of how much damage they cause to the nervous system. Microprobes, which are about as thin as a human hair, cause minimal damage and disruption of neurons when inserted into the brain. 

Store the tissue on the chuck if sections are to be cut in the immediate future if not, wrap the tissue in aluminum foil, and place it in a small sealable plastic bag. Store at -70°C or in the vapor phase of a liquid nitrogen freezer (see Note 6). 

Place a clean sheet of aluminum foil on a bench top work area. Carefully remove each slide from the slide holder. Wipe remaining alcohol around the periphery of the tissue with Kim-wipe and place it on the clean sheet of aluminum foil. 

Stacy BD et al Tissue changes in rats lungs caused by hydroxides, oxides and phosphates of aluminum and iron. J Pathol Baa 77 417-426, 1959... 

Figure 16. Lyophilized muscle tissue being compressed into an aluminum can. Between 150 and 250 grams of tissue can be compacted for counting...

Freeze-Dried Samples. Solid Materials and Tissues. These are first cut into approximately 1-inch cubes, frozen on a Teflon cookie sheet in a freezer, and placed in 1200-ml. freeze-dry flasks to capacity. The flasks are attached to the freeze-dried (lyophilizer) manifold, the valves are opened to vacuum, and the flasks are evacuated. The water from the tissues is trapped on a condenser. The dry tissues (drying time about 2-3 days) are removed from the lyophilizer and compressed into thin-walled aluminum cans with a Carver Laboratory press fitted with a special die, at about 24,000 lb. pressure (total). From 150-250 grams of the dry material, representing 500-1000 grams of fresh tissue, can be packed into a single can. The cans are sealed with a hand sealer and set aside for counting. Samples can be removed from the cans at a later date for chemical analysis or beta-emitter analyses. 

RJ McCracken, W John, WJ Blanchflower, SA Haggan, DG Kennedy. Simultaneous determination of oxytetracycline, tetracycline and chlortetracycline in animal tissues using liquid chromatography, postcolumn derivatization with aluminum, and fluorescence detection. Analyst 120 1763-1766, 1995. 

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