Powders nano-aluminum

The AI-H2O reaction increases the temperature and the number of moles of gas in the bubble by the production of H2 molecules. The pressure in the bubble is thereby increased. As a result, the bubble energy and shock wave energy are increased. It must be understood that the oxidation of aluminum powder is not like that of gaseous reactants. Reaction occurs at the surface of each aluminum particle and leads to the formahon of an aluminum oxide layer that coats the particle. The oxidized layer prevents the oxidation of the interior particle. The combustion efficiency of aluminum parhcles increases with decreasing particle size.l =l The shock wave energy and bubble energy are increased by the use of nano-sized aluminum powders. 

Guo K, Chen HH, Guo XG, Yang XX, Xu FF, Zhao JT (2010) Morphology investigation of yttrium aluminum garnet nano-powders prepared by a sol-gel combustion method. J Alloy Compd 500 34-38... 

Nano particles, such as aluminum powder, quartz and multiwalled carbon nanotubes were added to aniline prior to its polymerization." Glass transition temperature depended on whether nucleating agent was present or not." Addition of nucleating particles also decreased degradation rate to various degrees depending on the particle size and its specific surface area." ... 

Nano-aluminum (n-Al) powder is also called Alex powder in some countries. n-Al powder has been prepared by several researchers through a variety of techniques which are as follows. 

J.A. (2004), Ignition studies of aluminum and metal oxide nano powders. Proc. 31st Inti. Pyrotech. Sem., Fort Collins, Colorado, USA, July 11-16, 2004, pp. 327-338. 

Unfortunately. tile water resistance of ANFO is low and numerous experiments in attempting 10 dry-package it were not markedly successful. This shortcoming of ANFO led Cook. Farnunt. and others 10 develop slum explosives. These materials are comprised of oxidizers, such as NH,N(), and NaNO, fuels, such as coals, oils, aluminum, and other carbonaceous materials sensitizers, such as TNT. mlrosLurch and smokeless powder and water—all mixed with a gelling agent 10 form a thick, viscous explosive... 

Recent work by lacono et al. [16], employed perfluoropolyethers (PFPEs) to coat nano-aluminum particles. The nonvolatility and viscous characteristic of PFPEs make them ideal oxidizers and aid greatly in maximizing surface interactions. These coated Al particles are used in the production of an energetic Al -i- PFPE epoxy composite that experiences latent thermal metal-mediated oxidation. This powder... 

Commercial LiCoOj, nano-MgO, MgO/LiCoOj powders and the electrode material scratched from the aluminum current collector were thoroughly mixed with KBr and pressed into pellets respectively. Liquid EC and fresh electrolyte were cast on KBr pellets. A droplet of the binder dissolved in dimethyl formamide (DMF) was also cast onto KBr peUets and then heated at 150°C for over 24 hours in air. All these samples were separately stored in hermetically sealed containers, ready for the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) measurements. Charged electrode samples for the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic (XPS) study were fixed on cleaned sample holders (copper) with a piece of conductive tape and stored in a sealed container. All the above operations were carried out in argon atmosphere unless specified. When everything was ready for the XPS and FTIR instruments, the containers were opened and the samples were transferred into the vacuum chambers of the instruments and the chambers were vacuumed immediately. The exposure time of the sample to air was less than 10 seconds. The FTIR spectra were the average of 200 scans on a BIO-RAD FTS-60 spectrometer. XPS spectra were collected on an ESCALAB5 (VG Scientific energy resolution 0.1 eV) with a non-monochromatic Mg Ka radiation (1253.6 eV). Before measurements, the XPS samples were sputtered with Ar beam (2 KeV, 40 pA) for 10 minutes to remove the SEI layer. 

Yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) doped with trivalent cerium was synthesized by Lu et al. (2002) from nitrate salts of yttrium, cerium and aluminum, as also polyvinyl alcohol and urea. A sol was obtained by homogenization at 100°C for 2 h heating at 250°C for 2 h yielded a yellow gel. Calcination of the gel at 800-1100°C for 4 h produced phase-pure nano- or micrometer-size powders ofYAG Ce +. Under specific conditions of preparation, the particles could be as small as 20 nm. 

Baghchesara, M.A., Abdizadeh, H., Baharvandi, H.R., 2012. Effects of MgO nano particles on microstmctural and mechanical properties of aluminum matrix composite prepared via powder metallurgy route. International Journal of Modem Physics Conference Series 607-614. 

In the following sections, some work is presented in which the properties of nano- and microparticle filled composites were determined under variation of the filler contents. These materials were made on the basis of standard epoxy resins cured by amine hardeners. The nanofillers were aluminum oxide (AljOj, 13 nm), titanium dioxide (Ti02, 300 nm and 20 nm) and also calcium silicate (CaS103,5-10 /xm) microparticles. All these fillers are commercially available as powders. The composites were prepared by mechanical mixing using a Dissolver mixing device, as shown in Figure 3. 

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