Aluminum carbonate dosing

Milk-alkali syndrome Milk-alkali syndrome, an acute illness with symptoms of headache, nausea, irritability, and weakness, or a chronic illness with alkalosis, hypercalcemia and, possibly, renal impairment, has occurred following the concurrent use of high-dose calcium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate. Hypophosphatemia Prolonged use of aluminum-containing antacids may result in hypophosphatemia in normophosphatemic patients if phosphate intake is not adequate. 

Aluminum Hydroxide + Magnesium Carbonate (Gaviscon Extra Strength/ Liquid) [OTC] [Antacid/Aluminum Magnesium Salts] Uses Relief of heartburn, acid indigestion Action Neutralizes gastric acid Dose Adults. 15-30 mL PO pc hs Peds. 5-15 mL PO qid or PRN avoid in renal impair Caution T Mg (w/ renal insuff) [C, ] Disp Liq, chew tabs SE Constipation, D Interactions In addition to AlOH effects OF histamine blockers, hydantoins, nitrofurantoin, phenothiazines, ticlopidine, T effects OF... 

Calcium Acetate (PhosLo) [Calcium Supplement/ Anti arrhythmic/Mmeral/ Electrolyte] Uses ESRD-associated hyper-phos-phatemia Action Ca " supl w/o aluminum to X P04 absorption Dose 2-4 tabs PO w/ meals Caution [C, ] Contra t Ca Disp Gelcap SE Can t Ca, hypophosphatemia, constipation Interactions t Effects OF quinidine X effects W/ large intake of dietary fiber, spinach, rhubarb X effects OF atenolol, CCB, etidronate, tetracyclines, fluoroquinolones, phenytoin, Fe salts, thyroid hormones EMS Pts have reduced renal Fxn, monitor ECG for signs of electrolyte disturbances OD S/Sxs of hypercalcemia (confusion, weakness, GI upset, constipation, N, V, and cardiac arrhythmias) give IV fluid for diuresis symptomatic and supportive Calcium Carbonate (TumS/ Alka Mints) [Antacid/ Calcium Supplement/Mineral/ Electrolyte] [OTC] Uses Hyperacidity associated w/ peptic ulcer Dz, hiatal hernia, etc Action Neutralizes gastric acid Dose 500 mg—2 g PO PRN -1- in renal impair Caution [C, ] Disp Chew tabs, susp SE t -1- PO constipation Interactions X Effect OF tetracyclines, fluo-... 

Materials and Methods. The isomeric compositions of the four polybutadienes used are listed in Table I. Samples were prepared for infrared measurement from solutions of the polymer without further purification. Most films were cast from carbon disulfide solutions on mercury or on glass plates, but a few films were cast from hexane solutions to determine whether or not the solvent affected the radiation-induced behavior. No difference was observed for films cast from the different solvents. The films were cured by exposure to x-rays in vacuum. (Doses were below the level producing detectable radiation effects.) They were then mounted on aluminum frames for infrared measurements. The thicknesses of the films were controlled for desirable absorbance ranges and varied from 0.61 X 10 s to 2 X 10 3 cm. After measuring the infrared spectrum with a Perkin-Elmer 221 infrared spectrophotometer, the mounted films were evacuated to 3 microns and sealed in glass or quartz tubes (quartz tubes only were used for reactor irradiations). 

Alpha-lead azide crystals, wrapped in a thin aluminum foil, were subjected to fast and thermal neutrons in a heavy-water reactor [53]. With a thermal flux rate of about 10 n/cm /sec, the crystals were irradiated for 8, 17, and 170 hr. The crystals decomposed to a brown powder, which was identified as lead carbonate by X-ray diffraction and infrared absorption. From a mass spectrographic analysis of the isotopes of carbon and oxygen in the decomposition products, it was determined that the carbonate was formed fiom the atmosphere by the breaking of surface bonds by the neutrons. It was subsequently reported [54] that the total dose required for conversion to lead carbonate is approximately 7.5 X 10 n/cm ... 

Uranium-233, -235, -238 Sodium bicarbonate forms a carbonate complex with uranyl ion, which is then eliminated in the urine. Dose 100 mEq in 500 mL D5W by slow constant IV infusion. Aluminum-containing antacids may help prevent uranium absorption. 

Although the lipid solubility of sotalol is relatively low compared with other jS-blocking adrenoceptor drugs (28), oral bioavailability is deemed to be 1(X)%. Sotalol is absorbed somewhat slower than most other j8-blockers, with peak concentrations occuring within 2-3 hours (29). Although food may impair the absorption of sotalol (28), administration of either calcium carbonate or aluminum hydroxide antacids has little effect on absorption (30). After administration of a single 160 mg oral dose of sotalol, both enantiomers reached maximal plasma concentrations in approximately 3 hours (31) and, hence, did not exhibit stereoselective absorption. 

Although small amounts of calcium carbonate are safe, regular use can cause constipation. Aluminum hydroxide, the active ingredient in Amphojel, can also cause constipation in large doses. Because calcium carbonate and aluminum hydroxide can cause constipation, antacids such as Maalox and My-lanta contain aluminum hydroxide mixed with magnesium hydroxide to counteract the constipating effects of the former with the laxative action of the latter. 

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