Allowances creation

The Institute has many-year experience of investigations and developments in the field of NDT. These are, mainly, developments which allowed creation of a series of eddy current flaw detectors for various applications. The Institute has traditionally studied the physico-mechanical properties of materials, their stressed-strained state, fracture mechanics and developed on this basis the procedures and instruments which measure the properties and predict the behaviour of materials. Quite important are also developments of technologies and equipment for control of thickness and adhesion of thin protective coatings on various bases, corrosion control of underground pipelines by indirect method, acoustic emission control of hydrogen and corrosion cracking in structural materials, etc. 

The JME can also serve as a query input tool for structure databases by allowing creation of complex substructure queries (Figure 2-130), which are automatically translated into SMARTS [22]. With the help of simple HTML-format elements the creation of 3D structure queries is also possible, as were used in the 3D pharmacophore searches in the NCI database system [129]. Creation of reac-... 

Figure 10 Alteration of the genetic code for incorporation of non-natural amino acids, (a) In nonsense suppression, the stop codon UAG is decoded by a non-natural tRNA with the anticodon CUA. In vivo decoding of the UAG codon by this tRNA is in competition with termination of protein synthesis by release factor 1 (RFl). Purified in vitro translation systems allow omission of RF1 from the reaction mixture, (b) A new codon-anticodon pair can be created using four-base codons such as GGGU. Crystal structures of these codon-anticodon complexes in the ribosomal decoding center revealed that the C in the third anticodon position interacts with both the third and fourth codon position (purple line) while the extra A in the anticodon loop does not contact the codon.(c) Non-natural base pairs also allow creation of new codon-anticodon pairs. Shown here is the interaction of the base Y with either base X or (hydrogen bonds are indicated by red dashes).

Electrospinning is a method allowing creation of polymer fibers with diameters in the range between a few tens of nanometers to a few micrometers, starting from a solution of preformed polymer. MIP nanoparticles have been included into nanofibers by electrospinning [126, 127], In another case, the nanofibers were directly produced by electrospinning and polymerizing an MIP-precursor solution [128]. Such MIP fibers can then be used, for example, for the preparation of affinity separation materials [129] or as affinity layers in biosensors [127, 130]. 

There are software tools available on the market, which allow creation of standardized mobile agents and help running them on computers as well as on mobile terminals of all kinds (e.g., mobile phones, PDAs, etc.)- One of those is the open-source JADE framework that aids implementation of mobile agents complying with the FIPA specifications. 

One of the appealing properties of phosphole rings is the versatile reactivity of the endocyclic heteroatom that allows creation of structural diversity in these types of systems. This feature offers a direct access to a broad range of new Tt-conjugated systems from single P-containing chromophores, without the need for additional multistep syntheses, as illustrated with dithienyl-phospholes 3a (Scheme 12.2). 

The Lab Manager system is an efficient and comprehensive laboratory data management computer system designed and implemented to specifically accommodate the unique operations of diverse laboratories. The configurability and adaptability of the Lab Manager system promotes productivity, allows creation of systems meeting individual laboratory needs rapidly at low cost and permits the system to inexpensively and expeditiously adapt to evolving laboratory operations. 

Grouting of the sands is being done primarily from the surface, as shown in Fig. 19.7. Inclined holes are drilled so as to allow creation of the desired grout zone under the foundation. In plan, each row of inclined holes is spaced 1 m from other rows. 

Rule Management Module Allows creation, editing, and management of qualitative or quantitative rules stored in the system s knowledge base. 

The functionality required for an ELN to handle these structures is a specialized structure editor allowing creation and visualization of residues, definition of residues as real structures, and combined search for substructures in both the compound and the residue. Some additional features in the structure viewer help to mark and emphasize residues of the structure, allow overlapping residues, and label residues. A flag indicates whether the residues are displayed in the current context or not. If more than one residue is available, it is possible then to show or hide individual residues of a structure. The structure editor may be independent of a primary editor that is able to handle complete structures that is, structures are created with an external standard editor, whereas residue definitions are performed with an embedded tool. Since most databases are not designed for storing incomplete information, an ELN has to provide an internal format to store incomplete structures. In fact, it stores every complete part of a structure in a conventional database and keeps the additional information about the missing parts. 

The interface generator allows creation of a human-readable format including all definitions and dependencies from rules. 

One merit of this polymer preparation method is that it allows creation of heterometal polymer chains with the intended sequence.93 The stepwise formation of a heterometal double-layer film [IColFe] was monitored by cyclic voltammetry during film construction (Figure 9.16a). When the bis(tpy)iron complex units were connected to the already prepared bis(tpy)cobalt complex layer, the redox activity of the Fenl/Fen couple appeared without... 

A similar palladium-catalysed approach was used to obtain fused benzophos-phacyclanes 87 (Scheme 53) [119]. In both cases, the palladium-catalysed procedure allows creation of five- to seven-membered heterocycles in reasonable yields however, the best results were achieved for the corresponding 1,2-oxaphospholanes. Furthermore, 2-oxo-1,2-oxaphospholenes 88 can be advantageously used as precursors for the synthesis of substituted phostones 89 (Scheme 54) [120],... 

The difficulties in the direct recording of carbene spectra were overcome during the last two decades, first by pulse methods, which allow creation of high concentrations of carbenes during a short time interval, and second by the isolation of carbenes in low-temperature matrices (review Zuev and Nefedov, 1989). The spectra obtained by the latter technique and those by pulse methods at room temperature were shown to be the same. 

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