Allergic drug reactions treatment

Co-administration of beta-blockers has been associated with an increased risk of severe allergic drug reactions and reduces the effect of adrenaline in the immediate treatment of anaphylactic shock. The mechanism involves changes in the regulation of anaphylactic mediators (281). 

The vast majority of allergic drug reactions which affect the skin are relatively harmless and respond well to treatment. However, every effort should be made to ascertain the cause so that the patient can be safeguarded against a renewed episode which might have more serious consequences. 

Adverse drug reactions. Proven unwanted side-effects due to treatment with a drug. They are conventionally classified into two sorts. Type A, which are due to a predictable pharmacological effect of the drug and are usually dose-dependent, and Type B, which are unpredictable (perhaps allergic) and are usually more serious and rarer. 

General experience with allergic adverse reactions shows that most adverse reactions start during the first weeks of treatment, and rarely after months or years (Klein et al. 1976). The problem is, however, difficult to study, as most drugs with common allergic reactions, such as anti-infective drugs, are seldom indicated for a duration of more than 4-6 weeks. 

Thus piperazine citrate used for the treatment of pinworms (threadworms) can produce an allergic drug eruption in ethylenediamine-sensitive individuals (Burry 1978). Cross-reactions can occur in chemists and laboratory technicians who handle both of these chemicals (Calnan 1975). 

P-blockers cardiac disease highly allergic subject. For late reactors-a previous reaction treatment with IL-2 a history of drug allergy contact allergy. 

Allergic drug fever, with general symptoms of illness resembling an infectious disease, has been described in about 3% of patients treated with a-methyldopa. This typical reaction is seen only in the first weeks of treatment (18 ). In some of the cases, raised serum transaminase levels point to liver involvement (12 ). 

Frequendy, the treatment of helminthic diseases requites adjunct medication. Allergic reactions are commonly seen as a result of tissue invasion by worms or as a consequence of anthelmintic therapy. Antihistamines and corticosteroids may be necessary adjuncts to therapy. Anemia, indigestion, and secondary bacterial infections can also occur and may requite concomitant therapy with hematopoietic drugs and appropriate antibiotics. 

For the topical treatment of some chronic inflammatory skin diseases (like atopic dermatitis) immunosuppressive macrolides (like TRL and pimecrolimus) that permeate the inflamed epidermis are of benefit for patients. Severe side effects comparable to those after systemic application of TRL in transplanted patients (see above) have not been observed so far. For the treatment of psoriasis vulgaris these drugs are less effective. The CD2 antagonist alefacept may be a suitable alternative to allergic reactions. 

Optic neuritis (a decrease in visual acuity and changes in color perception), which appears to be related to the dose given and die duration of treatment, has occurred in some patients receiving ethambutol. Usually, tiiis adverse reaction disappears when the drug is discontinued. Other adverse reactions are dermatitis, pruritus, anaphylactoid reactions (unusual or exaggerated allergic reactions), joint pain, anorexia, nausea, and vomiting. 

---