Allergens molds

Comparisons of sensitization rates to various basidiomycetes, and between basidiomycetes and other groups of fungi have been made in the frame of skin test surveys [20-22]. In a multicenter study in Europe and the USA, it was shown that sensitization to basidiomycetes was as prevalent as sensitization to other well-established allergenic molds, such as Altemaria, Cladosporium, Aspergillus and Fusarium [21]. Generally, 25-30% of subjects with respiratory... 

Allergens Pollutants that may cause an allergy, including pollens, dusts, animal dander, insect debris, mold and fungi spores. 

Allergens, or triggers, differ between PAR and SAR. Common triggers in PAR are dust mites, mold, and animal or... 

J Seasonal (hay fever) occurs in response to specific allergens (pollen from trees, grasses, and weeds) present at predictable times of the year (spring and/or fall blooming seasons) and typically causes more acute symptoms. Perennial (intermittent or persistent) occurs year round in response to nonseasonal allergens (e.g., dust mites, animal dander, molds) and usually causes more subtle, chronic symptoms. 

Avoidance of offending allergens is difficult. Mold growth can be reduced by keeping household humidity below 50% and removing obvious growth with bleach or disinfectant. 

High-efficiency particulate air filters can remove lightweight particles such as pollens, mold spores, and cat allergen, thereby reducing allergic respiratory symptoms. 

Because people with MCS react to chemicals at levels that ordinarily do not affect others, chemical sensitivity is sometimes referred to as chemical allergy, although the mechanism is not the same as in the more traditional allergies. A person with MCS may react to animals, pollen, dust and mold with symptoms that are the same or different from those of traditional allergies. People with MCS may also have common allergy symptoms such as itchy eyes, nasal congestion, sinusitis, asthma, hives and other rashes that result from exposures to chemicals or typical allergens. 

A mammalian cell-based biochip for allergen detection was also proposed (Matsubara et al, 2004). They cultured a basophilic mast cell line (RBL-2H3) that releases histamine upon activation by an allergen, in a microfluidic biochip molded with PDMS (poly-dimethylsiloxane). The mast cells were pretreated with a fluorescent dye, quinacrine, that binds to histamine in acidic compartments of the cell granule by mass action. Upon exposure to the allergen, the IgE-activated cells release histamine along with the fluorescent dye, which is measured by a photomultiplier tube attached to a microscope. 

The precipitating factors for rhinitis must be established first. Dust, smoke, molds and other allergens are examples, and the use of air conditioners in bed-rooms and cars can also be the cause when a runny nose condition becomes prolonged. After establishing the probable cause(s), three distinct categories can be distinguished allergic rhinitis, vasomotor rhinitis, and acute rhinitis such as in influenza or common cold. 

These do not work for MCS patients, or at least not well, because they purify hardly any harmful chemical substances from the air. HEPA filters are mostly used to clean allergens, pollen, dust and spores of mold from the air. 

Fermentation hydrolyses proteins into smaller peptides that causes less allergenicity, because they are not recognized by IgE antibodies any more. Fermentation of soybean seed and flours by various mold strains and bacteria can even reduce IgE immunoreactivity up to 98%, which proves fermentation to be a promising technique for the production of hypoallergenic food ingredients (Yamanashi et al. 1995 Tsuji et al. 1997 Penas et al. 2006 Frias et al. 2008). 

Allergens Characteristic for the So-Called Environmental Mold Fungi... 

Classification of Mold Fungi Allergens into Families according to AIIFam Database... 

Inhalatory and Contact Allergens of Mold Origin of the Subtilisin-Like Serine Proteases Family... 

Characteristics of Mold Allergens and Some Mold-Derived Preparations... 

Molds abundantly occur in the natural world and are the source of many allergenic compounds (Tables 14.1.2 through 14.1.4). 

---