Alkaloids natural product chemistry

Heterocyclic Mesomeric Betaines and Analogs in Natural Product Chemistry. Betainic Alkaloids and Nucleobases... 

Isolation and characterization of new indole alkaloids remains a fruitful avenue for the discovery of agents with the potential for biomedical application. The virtues of this age-old process, in light of advances in combinatorial chemistry, were brought to the community as part of the 231 ACS National Meeting symposium, Modern Natural Products Chemistry and Drug Discovery <06ORGN467>. 

Much activity is evident in the application of enzymes in synthetic and natural products chemistry (9-26). Surprisingly, this is not a new field of endeavor, but rather one that was extensively developed for application in solving synthetic chemical problems in the steroid field. The earliest work in this field took place during the early twentieth century, and serious industrial application of biocatalysis began in the late 1940s (8). The successes obtained in steroid chemistry clearly underlined the potential for biocatalysis to contribute in other areas of natural products chemistry including that with the alkaloids. 

Atta-ur-Rahman and Choudhary, M.I., 1988, Structural studies on new steroidal alkaloids of Buxus papillosa. In Studies in Natural Products Chemistry (Atta-ur-Rahman ed.), Elsevier Science, Amsterdam, Vol. 2, pp 175-189. 

Elbein AD, Molyneux RJ (1999) Alkaloid glycosidase inhibitors. In Pinto BM (ed) Comprehensive natural products chemistry, vol 3, chap 7. Elsevier, London... 

Gaffield, W. (2000). The Veratrum alkaloids Natural tools for studying embryonic development, in Atta-ur-Rahman, Ed., Studies in natural products chemistry 23, Elsevier Science, Amsterdam, pp. 563-589. 

The isolation of the antitumor agents vincaleukoblastine (1) and leuro-cristine (2) from Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don has proved to be one of the most important developments in both natural product chemistry and the clinical treatment of cancer during the 1960s to 1980s. More alkaloids (over 90) have been isolated from C. roseus than from any other plant, and because of the complexity of the alkaloid mixture this work has required the most advanced isolation and structure determination techniques. The exceptional interest in the broad spectrum of antitumor activity of these compounds has resulted in numerous achievements in the pharmaceutical, clinical pharmacologic, and therapeutical sciences. Simultaneously, strenuous efforts have been made in three areas of the natural product chemistry (i) elaboration of a practical semisynthesis of... 

Ihara, M. and Fukumoto, K. 1996. Recent progress in the chemistry of nonmonoterpenoid indole alkaloids. Nature Product Reports, 13 241-261. 

It is well written and is a very comprehensive review of the literature on alkaloids. For investigators specialised in alkaloids or students of natural products chemistry, this book is a highly recommended item."... 

Ubersicht iiber Indolizidin-Alkaloide A.D. Elbein. R.J. Molyneux in Alkaloids Chemical and Biological Perspectives, Vol. 5 (Ed.. S. W. Pelletier). Wiley, New York 1987, p. 1 J. Cossy, R Vogel in Studies in Natural Products Chemistry, Vol. 12 (Ed. Atta-ur-Rahman), Elsevier, Amsterdam 1993, p. 275. 

Misra N, Luthra R, Singh KL and Kumar S (1999) Recent advances in biosynthesis of alkaloids. Comprehensive Natural Products Chemistry, Vol 4. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 25-59. 

Christen P (2000) Tropane alkaloids old drugs used in modem medidne. In Rahman A (ed) Studies in natural products chemistry, vol 22, bioactive natural products (part C). Elsevier, Amsterdam... 

Abstract An overview of the application of microwave irradiation in natural product synthesis is presented, focusing on the developments in the last 5-10 years. This contribution covers the literature concerning the total synthesis of natural products and their analogues, the synthesis of alkaloids and the construction of building blocks of interest for natural product synthesis. As microwave irradiation appeared on the scene only recently, we are at an early stage of its application in natural product chemistry, even though some nice examples have been communicated recently. The application of dedicated microwave instruments as well as domestic microwave ovens is discussed, giving emphasis to the microwave-enhanced transformations. 

The area covered by natural products chemistry is boundless as it deals with nature itself. There is literally no limit to the topics to be dealt with. This volume 29 continues the tradition of supplying us with superb review articles written by experts. The articles in this volume deal with the screening, isolation, structure, synthesis, biosynthesis, and pharmacology of plant and microbial natural products that exhibit antimitotic, cancer chemotherapeutic, enzyme inhibitory, antiinflammatory, antibiotic and molting hormone activities. The compound types also cover a huge range of natural products, i.e., polyketides, terpenoids, sugars, alkaloids, proteins, and enzymes. 

Lounasmaa, M. and Tamminen, T. (1993) The tropane alkaloids, In Cordell, G. A. (Ed.) The Alkaloids, Vol. 44, Academic Press, San Diego, CA. Christen, P. (2000) Tropane alkaloids old drugs used in modern medicine, In Atta-ur-Rahman (Ed.) Studies in Natural Products Chemistry, Vol. 22, Elsevier, Amsterdam, NL. 

In particular. Section I describes the structures and biological activities of selected classes of alkaloids. Almost half of the chapters focus their attention on terrestrial alkaloids (Chapters 1-5). The other half (Chapters 7-11) describe recent results in the field of marine alkaloids, whUe Chapter 6 is focused on neurotoxic alkaloids produced by cyanobacteria, microorganisms living in both marine and terrestrial environments. The particular emphasis on marine alkaloids undoubtedly reflects our long-standing research activity on marine metabolites, but it is also a result of the impressive amount of work carried out in the last few decades on marine natural product chemistry. Section II (Chapters 12-15) gives an account of modern techniques used for the detection and structural elucidation of alkaloids, while Section III is divided into two parts different methodologies for the synthesis of alkaloids and accounts of modem biosynthetic studies. 

The format of these Reports has remained relatively constant to fadlitate the location of subject matter. These chapters cover the period from September 1978 to August 1979. Unfortunately it has not been possible to include the customary chapter on the monoterpenoids. We hope to remedy this deficiency by including the chapter in the next volume. Whilst there has been some overlap with the companion volumes on the Alkaloids, on Aliphatic and Related Natural Product Chemistry, and on Biosynthesis, we have endeavoured to keep this to a minimum. 

Alicycitc Chamlsiry Aliphatic, Allcyclic, and Saturated Haterocyclic Chemistry Ali ihaiic and Related Natural Product Chemistry Aliphatic Chentistry The Alkaloids... 

Hanaoka, M. Mukai, C. In Studies in Natural Products Chemistry Atta-ur-Rahman, Ed. Elsevier Science B.V. Amsterdam, 1994, Vol. 14, pp. 769-803. Bentley, K.W. The Isoquinoline Alkaloids, Harwood Academic Publishers Amsterdam, 1998. 

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