Algae Anabaena

Parsons and coworkers [174] have published a route to anatoxin-o, which was isolated from strains of freshwater blue-green algae Anabaena flos aqua and is responsible for the death of livestock, waterfowl, and fish [175]. The sequence started... 

AQUATIC PLANTS Blue-green alga, Anabaena oscillaroides ... 

It is interesting to note that the plastocyanin from the alga Anabaena variabilis has a similar structure to that isolated from poplar, while having a different amino acid sequence.58 This results in an overall positive charge of +2. Thus, as shown in Figure 32a, it affords a wellshaped response for the Cu(II)/Cu(I) reduction E° = + 0.32 V vs. NHE) using a perpendicular pyrolytic graphite electrode, without the presence of additives. 

Hydroxamates have been observed in the water in the Bay of Quinte, a eutrophic bay of Lake Ontario, and are believed to be produced by blue-green algae (76). Simpson and Neilands (77) have identified schizokinen, a hydroxamic acid derivative of citric acid as an extracellular product of the blue-green algae, Anabaena sp. However, not all Anabaena produce hydroxamates, Walsby (78) has shown that Anabaena cylindrica releases a large pigmented, peptide-containing material which complexes iron. As yet these peptides have not been examined for ability to complex the actinides. 

HO-./ T V-NH Blue-green algae -Anabaena laxa Marine sponge -Callyspongia abnormis Laxaphycins A and E -antifungal peptides Callynormine A - no bioactivity has been reported 246-248 249... 

Freshwater algae, Anabaena sp. 690 pg/L 24-h exposure Aquatic bacteria 3 species... 

The blue-green alga Anabaena sp. produces a chlorine-containing cyclic decapeptide, puwainaphycin C (180), which elicits a strong inotropic effect in isolated mouse atria (ED50 0.2 ppm) without a concommitant chronotropic response [141]. 

Anatoxin-a is a toxic alkaloid occurring in the filamentous blue-green alga Anabaena flos-aquae and has been responsible for fatalities amongst livestock and wildlife. Mass and n.m.r. spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction analysis of its N-acetyl derivative, pointed to structure and absolute stereochemistry (12) for ana-... 

Runnegar, M.T., Jackson, A.R.B., Falconer, I.R. (1988). Toxicity to mice and sheep of a bloom of the cyanobacterium (blue-green alga) Anabaena circinalis. Toxicon 26 599-602. 

Eubacleria Cyanophyceae (blue-green algae) Anabaena variablis in ted with cyanophages PLB-like structure p [211... 

Plastocyanin from blue—green algae Anabaena variabilis has some different properties. 

Simon, R.D. (1973) The effect of chloramphenicol on the production of cyanophycin granule polypeptide in the blue-green alga Anabaena cylindrica. Arch. Mikrobiol., 92,115-122. 

Hollow glass beads Dip-coating Three species of algae Anabaena, Microcystis and Melosira [457]... 

Smith RA, Lewis D (1987) A rapid analysis of water for anatoxin a, the unstable toxic alkaloid from Anabaenaflos-aquae, the stable non-toxic alkaloids leftafUa-biraeduction and a related amine which may be nature s precursor to anatoxin a. Vet Hum Toxicol 29 153-154 Harada K-I, Kimura Y, Ogawa K, Suzuki M, Dahlem AM, Beasley VR, Carmichael WW (1989) A new procedure for the analysis and purification of naturally occurring anatoxin-a from the blue-green alga Anabaena flos-aqme. Toxicon 27 1289-1296. doi 10.1016/0041-0101(89)90060-3... 

Paerl, H. W. Specific associations of blue-green algae Anabaena and Aphanizomenon with bacteria in freshwater blooms. JPhycol 1976,12,431 35. 

Simon, R.D., 1971. Cyanophycin granules from the blue-green alga Anabaena cylindrica a reserve material consisting of copolymers of aspartic acid and arginine. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 68,265-267. 

FrankmoHe, W.P., Larsen, L.K., Caplan, F.R., Patterson, G.M.L., Rniibel, G.. Levine, I.A., and Moore, R.E. (1992a) Antifungal cyclic peptides from the terrestrial blue-green alga Anabaena laxa. I. Isolation and biological properties./. Antibiot., 45,1451-1457. 

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