Anabaenaflos-aquae

HPLC analysis of anatoxin-a was first carried out by Astrachan and Archer, " who extracted the toxin from Anabaenaflos-aquae using chloroform followed by hydrochloric acid. The HPLC analysis was carried out on an ODS column using hypochlorate-methanol. Other systems used since include acetic acid extraction and analysis on a reversed-phase C g column using methanol-water mobile phase, and extraction in water after ultrasonication and analysis on reversed-phase... 

Abou-Waly, H., M.M. Abou-Setta, H.N. Nigg, and L.L. Mallory (1991). Growth response of freshwater algae, Anabaenaflos-aquae and Selenastmm capricomutum to atrazine and hexazinone herbicides. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 46 223-229. 

P.-A. Thompson, H.-M. Oh and G-Y. Rhee (1994). Storage of phosphorus in nitrogen-fixing Anabaenaflos-aquae (Cyanophyceae). J. Phycol., 30, 267-273. 

Carmichael, W.W., Biggs, D.E., and Gorham P.R. 1975. Toxicology and pharmacological action of Anabaenaflos-aquae toxin. Science 187, 542-544. 

Anabaenaflos-aquae UTEX 1444 Anabaenaflos-aquae UTEX LB2558... 

Harada, K., Kimura, L, Ogawa, K., Suzuki, M., Dablem, A. M., Beasley, V. R., and Carmicbael, W. W. (1989). A new procedure for tbe analysis and purification of naturally occurring anatoxin-a from the blue-green algii, Anabaenaflos-aquae. Toxiconll, 1289-1296. 

Anatoxin A is the fast-acting and highly effective poison of the cyanobacterium Anabaenaflos-aquae, which is ubiquitous in freshwater. Anatoxin A, also known as Very Fast Death Factor , was isolated from Anabaenaflos-aquae in 1977 by Paul Gorham at the National Research CoimcU in Ottawa. [553,554] The structure had already been determined in 1972 by X-ray analysis of its N-acetyl derivative. [555] Later, the presence of anatoxin A was detected in a range of other toxic strains of Oscillatoria, Anabaena circinalis, Aphanizomenonflos-aquae, Cylindorsperum pp. and Raphidiopsis mediterranea. 

Smith RA, Lewis D (1987) A rapid analysis of water for anatoxin a, the unstable toxic alkaloid from Anabaenaflos-aquae, the stable non-toxic alkaloids leftafUa-biraeduction and a related amine which may be nature s precursor to anatoxin a. Vet Hum Toxicol 29 153-154 Harada K-I, Kimura Y, Ogawa K, Suzuki M, Dahlem AM, Beasley VR, Carmichael WW (1989) A new procedure for the analysis and purification of naturally occurring anatoxin-a from the blue-green alga Anabaena flos-aqme. Toxicon 27 1289-1296. doi 10.1016/0041-0101(89)90060-3... 

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