Alcohol aminophenol

The carbonyiation of o-diiodobenzene with a primary amine affords the phthalimide 501 [355,356]. Carbonyiation of iodobenzene in the presence of (9-diaminobenzene (502) and DBU or 2,6-lutidine affords 2-phenylbenzimida-zole (503)[357, The carbonyiation of aryl iodides in the presence of pentaflnor-oaniline affords 2-arylbenzoxazoles directly, 2-Arylbenzoxazole is prepared indirectly by the carbonyiation of (9-aminophenol[358j. The optically active aryl or alkenyl oxazolinc 505 is prepared by the carbonyiation of the aryl or enol triflates in the presence of the opticaly active amino alcohol 504, followed by treatment with thionyl chloride[359]. 

Aminophenol. This compound forms white plates when crystallized from water. The base is difficult to maintain in the free state and deteriorates rapidly under the influence of air to pink-purple oxidation products. The crystals exist in two forms. The a-form (from alcohol, water, or ethyl acetate) is the more stable and has an orthorhombic pyramidal stmcture containing four molecules per unit cell. It has a density of 1.290 g/cm (1.305 also quoted). The less stable P-form (from acetone) exists as acicular crystals that turn into the a-form on standing they are orthorhombic bipyramidal or pyramidal and have a hexamolecular unit (15,16,24) (see Tables 3—5). 

I-A1ON0-2-NAPHIH0L-4-SULE0NIC acid, 11, 72 16, 91 17, 91 Aminonaphtholsulfonic acids, coupling to form azo dyes, 16,16 p-Aminophenol, 16, 39 Aminopiperole, 16, 6 /3-Ahinopropionic acid, 16, 1 4-Aminoveratrole, 16, 4 Ammonium dichromate, 16, 74 Ammonium formate, 17, 77 Ammonium thiocyanate, 16, 74 Ammonium vanadate, 13, 1 to w-Amyl alcohol, IS, 17 hri.-Amyl alcohol, 13, 68 -Amylbenzene, 10, 4 -Amyl borate, 13, 17 -Amyl bromide, 16, 41 iso-Amyl iodide, 13, 62 n-Amyl iodide, 13, 62 n-Amybnagnesium bromide, 16, 41... 

The manufacture of sulfur dyes involves sulfurisation processes, the chemistry of which remains rather mysterious and may arguably be considered still to be in the realms of alchemy The processes involve heating elemental sulfur or sodium polysulfide, or both, with aromatic amines, phenols or aminophenols. These reactions may be carried out either as a dry bake process at temperatures between 180 and 350 °C or in solvents such as water or aliphatic alcohols at reflux or at even higher temperatures under pressure. C. I. Sulphur Black 1, for example, is prepared by heating 2,4-dinitrophenol with sodium polysulfide. 

A direct catalytic conversion of esters, lactones, and carboxylic acids to oxazolines was efficiently achieved by treatment with amino alcohols in the presence of the tetranuclear zinc cluster Zn4(0C0CF3)60 as catalyst, essential for condensation and cyclodehydration reactions. For example, the use of (5)-valinol allowed the easy synthesis of oxazolines 125 and 126 in satisfactory yields <06CC2711>. A one-pot direct preparation of various 2-substituted oxazolines (as well as benzoxazoles and oxadiazoles) was also performed from carboxylic acids and amino alcohols (or aminophenols or benzhydrazide) using Deoxo-Fluor reagent <06TL6497>. 

In AChE-based biosensors acetylthiocholine is commonly used as a substrate. The thiocholine produced during the catalytic reaction can be monitored using spectromet-ric, amperometric [44] (Fig. 2.2) or potentiometric methods. The enzyme activity is indirectly proportional to the pesticide concentration. La Rosa et al. [45] used 4-ami-nophenyl acetate as the enzyme substrate for a cholinesterase sensor for pesticide determination. This system allowed the determination of esterase activities via oxidation of the enzymatic product 4-aminophenol rather than the typical thiocholine. Sulfonylureas are reversible inhibitors of acetolactate synthase (ALS). By taking advantage of this inhibition mechanism ALS has been entrapped in photo cured polymer of polyvinyl alcohol bearing styrylpyridinium groups (PVA-SbQ) to prepare an amperometric biosensor for... 

Diethylethanolamine manufacture, 2 130 physical properties of, 2 124t Diethyl ether, 10 538, 539, 568, 575 solubility of aminophenols in, 2 653t solubility of higher alcohols in, 2 3t solubility of anhydrous citric acid in, 6 634t... 

Nitro alcohols were reduced to amino alcohols by catalytic hydrogenation over platinum [632] and with iron [JJ9], and nitrosophenols [255] and nitro-phenols [256] to aminophenols with sodium hydrosulfite, sodium sulfide [238] or tin [176]. Bromine atoms in 2,6-di-bromo-4-nitrophenol were not affected [176]. 

Ingestion of alcohol aggravates the toxic effects of nitrobenzene. In general, higher ambient temperatures increase susceptibility to cyanosis from exposure to methemoglobin-forming agents." p-Nitrophenol and p-aminophenol are metabolites of nitrobenzene, and their presence in the urine is an indication of exposure."... 

Ru(H20)(bpy)(app)]Clj (H3app=A-(hydroxyphenyl)pyridine-2-carboxaldimine) is made by reaction of RuClj with 2-aminophenol and 2-pyridine carboxaldehyde under reflux followed by addition of (bpy). Infrared and electronic spectra were measured, and the room-temperature magnetic moment is 1.98 B.M. The system [Ru(H30)(bpy) (app)] +/TBHP/(BTBAC)/CH3Clj (BTBAC=benzyltributylammonium chloride) oxidised benzyl alcohol to benzaldehde and alkenes to mixtures (e. g. cis- and trans-stilbene to benzaldehyde and cis- and tranx-stilbene oxides). Alkanes gave mixtures... 

Nitro-4-methoxyaniline has been prepared by heating nitro-hydroquinone dimethyl ether with aqueous ammonia 2 by heating the tetramethylammonium salt of 3-nitro-4-aminophenol 3 by the hydrolysis of 2-nitro-4-methoxyacetanilide la with alcoholic potassium hydroxide 11 lc or hydrochloric acid ld and by the hydrolysis of the />-toluenesul fonamide,4 the 3-nitrobenzenesul-fonamide,5 the 3-nitro-/>-toIuenesulfonamide,3 and the acetyl derivative of the />-toluenesulfonamide6 of 2-nitro-4-methoxyani-line with concentrated sulfuric acid. 

In 1997, the first truly catalytic enantioselective Mannich reactions of imines with silicon enolates using a novel zirconium catalyst was reported [9, 10]. To solve the above problems, various metal salts were first screened in achiral reactions of imines with silylated nucleophiles, and then, a chiral Lewis acid based on Zr(IV) was designed. On the other hand, as for the problem of the conformation of the imine-Lewis acid complex, utilization of a bidentate chelation was planned imines prepared from 2-aminophenol were used [(Eq. (1)]. This moiety was readily removed after reactions under oxidative conditions. Imines derived from heterocyclic aldehydes worked well in this reaction, and good to high yields and enantiomeric excesses were attained. As for aliphatic aldehydes, similarly high levels of enantiomeric excesses were also obtained by using the imines prepared from the aldehydes and 2-amino-3-methylphenol. The present Mannich reactions were applied to the synthesis of chiral (3-amino alcohols from a-alkoxy enolates and imines [11], and anti-cc-methyl-p-amino acid derivatives from propionate enolates and imines [12] via diastereo- and enantioselective processes [(Eq. (2)]. Moreover, this catalyst system can be utilized in Mannich reactions using hydrazone derivatives [13] [(Eq. (3)] as well as the aza-Diels-Alder reaction [14-16], Strecker reaction [17-19], allylation of imines [20], etc. 

Chiral induction. Earlier investigations have shown that 3-acyl derivatives of the parent l,3-thiazolidine-2-thione react with amines under mild conditions to form amides (equation I). Amides can also be prepared from amino, alcohols and aminophenols.2... 

In general, EC reactions are typically observed according to the following general rank order (by relative ease of oxidation) o,p-quinol and o,p-aminophenol > tertiary amine > m-quinol rv phenol rv arylamine > secondary amine thiol > thioether primary amines, aliphatic alcohols. (HDVs) each redox active metabolite are obtained from the response across adjacent EC-Array sensors. These data are a reflection of the kinetic and thermodynamic components of electron transfer reactions. Since chemical structure is a critical determinant of an analyte s redox behavior, the intrinsic generation of an HDV with EC-Array provides qualitative information for each species. 

Another major group of epoxy monomers derived from epichlorohydrin is that comprising monomers synthesized with an aromatic amine, such as aniline (DGA), para-aminophenol (TGpAP) and methylene dianiline (TGMDA) - (Table 2.1 e, f, and g). The reaction of epichlorohydrin with an alcohol is more difficult. Liquid monomers based on butanediol, neo-pentylglycol, and polypropylene oxide (molar mass in the range of 500 g mol-1), are the most common. 

Condensation of chloromethyldimethylchlorosilane with o-phenylene diamine and o-aminophenol leads almost quantitatively to 4-aza- and 4-oxo-3,3-dimethyl-3-silaquino-line. With aminophenol, it should be noted that the O-Si bond is formed first. This same observation may be made starting from o-aminobenzyl alcohol. 

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