Indoor air pollution

Problems that rank relatively high in cancer and non-cancer health risks but low in ecological and welfare risks include hazardous air pollutants, indoor radon, indoor air pollution other than radon, pesticide application, exposure to consumer products, and worker exposures to chemicals... 

Indoor air pollutants Indoor air pollutions Indoor-outdoor carpets Indophenol Indophenol [500-85-6] Indophenol dye develop Indophenol dyes... 

Air pollutants can be considered in three contexts pervasive air pollutants, indoor air pollutants, and breathing zone air pollutants. 

Keywords Indoor air pollution Indoor particles Environmental tobacco smoke ... 

Mqlhave L. (1998) Principles for evaluation of health and comfort hazards caused by indoor air pollution. Indoor Air Suppl., 4, 17-25. 

Detailed description on the fundamentals of physical chemistry, such as descriptions of spectroscopy, photochemistry, reaction kinetics, homogeneous and heterogeneous reactions are given. The destruction of the ozone layer, photochemical oxidants, acid deposition, hazardous air pollutants, indoor pollution, and so on are widely covered, and their countermeasures are explained based on atmospheric chemistry. 

Szygula, A., Ruiz, M., Guibal, E., Sastre, A. M. Removal of an Anionic Reactive Dye by Chitosan and its Regeneration. In waste management, water pollution, air pollution, indoor climate (WWAI 08) 2008 26-28. 

I. Title, [dnlm i. Sick Building Syndrome— History—United States. 2. Air Pollution, Indoor—United States. 

Table 11. Emission Mechanisms of Indoor Air Pollutants Arising from Activities and Consumer Products ...

California Department of Consumer Affairs, Clean Your Room, Compendium on Indoor Air Pollution, Sacramento, Calif., 1982, p. III.EI—III.E.II. 

Indoor Air Pollutants, National Academy Press, Washiagton, D.C., 1981, p. 101. 

J. M. Samet andj. D. Spengler, eds. Indoor Air Pollution, Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, Md., 1991. 

The terms ambient air, ambient air pollution, ambient levels, ambient concentrations, ambient air monitoring, ambient air quality, etc. occur frequently in air pollution parlance. The intent is to distinguish pollution of the air outdoors by transport and diffusion by wind (i.e., ambient air pollution) from contamination of the air indoors by the same substances. 

Samet, ). M., and Spengler, J. D. (eds), "Indoor Air Pollution A Health Perspective. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, 1991. 

The second example of an air pollutant that affects the total body burden is carbon monoxide (CO). In addihon to CO in ambient air, there are other sources for inhalation. People who smoke have an elevated CO body burden compared to nonsmokers. Individuals indoors may be exposed to elevated levels of CO from incomplete combustion in heating or cooking stoves. CO gas enters the human body by inhalation and is absorbed directly into the bloodstream the total body burden resides in the circulatory system. The human body also produces CO by breakdown of hemoglobin. Hemoglobin breakdown gives every individual a baseline level of CO in the circulatory system. As the result of these factors, the body burden can fluctuate over a time scale of hours. 

Fig. 23-1. Representation of home with various sources and sinks for indoor air pollutants (A), exchange (B), indoor concentration (C), outgassing of building and furniture materials (D), irvfiltration from soils (E), removal on interior surfaces.

Table 23-1 shows the major categories of indoor air pollutants and sources. Table 23-2 shows a summary of reported indoor air pollutant concentrations compiled by the U.S. Environment Protection Agency. Infor-... 

EPA. (1987b) Compendium of Methods for the Determination of Air Pollutants in Indoor Air. Environmental Monitoring Systems Laboratory. 

Hawthorne, A., et al. (1987) Models for estimating organic emissions from building materials formaldehyde example. Atmos. Environ. 21, No. 2. Lewis, R. G., et al. (1986) Monitoring for non-occupational exposure to pesticides in indoor and personal respiratory air. Presented at the 79th Annual Meeting of the Air Pollution Control Association, Minneapolis, MN. 

Effects of indoor air pollutants on humans are essentially the same as those described in Chapter 7. However, there can be some additional pollutant exposures in the indoor environment that are not common in the ambient setting. From the listing in Table 23-1, radon exposures indoors present a radiation hazard for the development of lung cancer. Environmental tobacco smoke has been found to cause lung cancer and other respiratory diseases. Biological agents such as molds and other toxins may be a more likely exposure hazard indoors than outside. 

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